{"id":11597,"date":"2025-07-26T12:43:02","date_gmt":"2025-07-26T04:43:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=11597"},"modified":"2025-07-26T12:43:02","modified_gmt":"2025-07-26T04:43:02","slug":"prometheus-%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e5%ae%b9%e9%87%8f%e8%a7%84%e5%88%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=11597","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus \u5b58\u50a8\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\uff1ahttps:\/\/cairry.github.io\/docs\/Prometheus\/storage.html\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"prometheus-\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\" tabindex=\"-1\">Prometheus \u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212<\/h1>\n<p>\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6307\u6807\u6570\u91cf\uff08Time Series Count\uff09\uff1a\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u603b\u6307\u6807\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6837\u672c\u901f\u7387\uff08Sample Rate\uff09\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u6bcf\u79d2\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\uff08Retention Time\uff09\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\uff08Sample Size\uff09\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a 1.2 \u5b57\u8282\/\u6837\u672c\uff08\u7ecf\u8fc7\u538b\u7f29\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<div class=\"language- vp-adaptive-theme\"><button class=\"copy\" title=\"Copy Code\"><\/button><\/p>\n<pre class=\"shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\">\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42(\u5b57\u8282) = \u6307\u6807\u6570\u91cf \u00d7 \u6837\u672c\u901f\u7387 \u00d7 \u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4(\u79d2) \u00d7 \u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f(\u5b57\u8282)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6307\u6807\u6570\u91cf\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u00a0<code>Prometheus<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u3002\n<ul>\n<li><code>prometheus_tsdb_head_series<\/code>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6837\u672c\u901f\u7387\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u6bcf\u00a0<code>15<\/code>\u00a0\u79d2\u6536\u96c6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u00a0<code>Prometheus<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6837\u672c\u901f\u7387\u4e3a\u00a0<code>1\/15<\/code>\u00a0\u79d2\uff0c\u5373\u00a0<code>0.067<\/code>\u00a0\u6837\u672c\/\u79d2\u3002\n<ul>\n<li><code>\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u6570 \/ 15s = \u6837\u672c\u901f\u7387<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u00a0<code>15<\/code>\u00a0\u5929\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u00a0<code>Prometheus<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5927\u7ea6\u5360\u7528\u00a0<code>1.2<\/code>\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\u8ba1\u7b97<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u00a0<code>10,000<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u6bcf\u00a0<code>15<\/code>\u00a0\u79d2\u6293\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u7559\u00a0<code>15<\/code>\u00a0\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6837\u672c\u901f\u7387\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u6bcf\u00a0<code>15<\/code>\u00a0\u79d2\u6293\u53d6\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5373\u00a0<code>1\/15<\/code>\u00a0\u6837\u672c\/\u79d2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<code>15<\/code>\u00a0\u5929 =\u00a0<code>15 * 24 * 60 * 60<\/code>\u00a0\u79d2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5360\u7528\u00a0<code>1.2<\/code>\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5927\u7ea6 10.4 GB<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/cairry.github.io\/assets\/img_5.FPCI4A90.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/cairry.github.io\/assets\/img_5.FPCI4A90.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"img_5.png\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u516c\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6307\u6807\u6570\u91cf\uff1a<code>10,000<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u6709\u00a0<code>10,000<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6837\u672c\u901f\u7387\uff1a<code>0.067<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u6bcf\u79d2\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<code>1,296,000<\/code>\u00a0\u79d2\u662f\u00a0<code>15<\/code>\u00a0\u5929\u7684\u603b\u79d2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a<code>1.2<\/code>\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u6bcf\u79d2\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"language- vp-adaptive-theme\"><button class=\"copy\" title=\"Copy Code\"><\/button><\/p>\n<pre class=\"shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\">sum(rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[1m])) by (job)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u6b63\u5728\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"language- vp-adaptive-theme\"><button class=\"copy\" title=\"Copy Code\"><\/button><\/p>\n<pre class=\"shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\">count({__name__=~\".+\"}) by (job)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"language- vp-adaptive-theme\"><button class=\"copy\" title=\"Copy Code\"><\/button><\/p>\n<pre class=\"shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\">rate(prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_size_bytes_sum[1h]) \/ rate(prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_samples_sum[1h])<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u53bb 1 \u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c<code>prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_size_bytes_sum<\/code>\u538b\u7f29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6bcf\u79d2\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u589e\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u53bb 1 \u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c<code>prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_samples_sum<\/code>\u538b\u7f29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6bcf\u79d2\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u76f8\u9664\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"\u81ea\u8eab\u5bb9\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u81ea\u8eab\u5bb9\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><code>prometheus_tsdb_storage_blocks_bytes<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5df2\u8ffd\u52a0\u7684\u6837\u672c\u603b\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>prometheus_tsdb_wal_storage_size_bytes<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a WAL \u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u7ae0\uff1ahttps:\/\/community.transwarp.cn\/question\/83\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6982\u8ff0<\/strong><br \/>\nAquila\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus (\u4f5c\u4e3a AQUILA \u89d2\u8272\u4e4b\u4e00) \u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807, \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5728\u672c\u5730 (\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5b58\u50a8\u670d\u52a1), \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770bAQUILA \u914d\u7f6e prometheus.data.dir\u83b7\u5f97\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06 prometheus.data.dir \u5355\u72ec\u6302\u5230\u4e00\u5757\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a, \u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6839\u5206\u533a\u78c1\u76d8 IO \u7ade\u4e89.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u90e8\u7f72 Prometheus \u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u89c4\u5212\u662f\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u6240\u9700\u5b58\u50a8\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u91cf\u7ea7\u83b7\u5f97\u76f4\u89c2\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8d44\u6e90\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u95f2\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6210\u672c\u6d6a\u8d39; \u5206\u914d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u7bc7\u5e16\u5b50\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u6790 Prometheus \u5728 TDH \u96c6\u7fa4\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u91cf\u53d7\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u516c\u5f0f, \u7528\u6765\u9884\u4f30 Prometheus \u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u516c\u5f0f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6b63\u5f0f\u5206\u6790 Prometheus \u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017\u4e4b\u524d, \u5148\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u5408\u7406\u5206\u914d\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prometheus \u9700\u8981\u78c1\u76d8\u5927\u5c0f = \u8282\u70b9\u4e2a\u6570 * 2.6 GB<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Prometheus \u9700\u8981\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f = \u8282\u70b9\u4e2a\u6570 * 350 MB<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212<\/strong><br \/>\n\u9996\u5148\u660e\u786e\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9:\u00a0<\/strong>\u4e00\u4e2a exporter \u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9\u3002Manager \u5728\u5b89\u88c5 AQUILA\u65f6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a node-exporter \u6536\u96c6\u8282\u70b9\u4fe1\u606f(CPU, Memory \u7b49), \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a tdh-exporter \u6536\u96c6 TDH Services metrics (\u76ee\u524d\u6709: HDFS, YARN, ZOOKEEPER, KAFKA, HYPERBASE, INCEPTOR). \u6545\u5728 TDH \u96c6\u7fa4\u4e0a, \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a exporter \u8fdb\u7a0b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9:\u00a0<\/strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u67d0\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u6d4b\u5bf9\u8c61. \u4ece\u67d0\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff08time series).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694:<\/strong>\u00a0Promtheus \u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9\u91c7\u96c6 metrics \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694. \u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u540c\u7c7b\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694. AQUILA\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u503c\u4e3a: prometheus.node.exporter.scrape_interval(\u9ed8\u8ba415s) \u548c prometheus.tdh.exporter.scrape_interval(\u9ed8\u8ba460s)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>: \u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u65f6\u95f4,\u8d85\u8fc7\u8be5\u65f6\u95f4\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664. \u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u6837\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f16\u7801\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6837\u672c(\u5bf9\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u7f16\u7801, \u4e00\u822c\u4e3a double-delta \u7f16\u7801). AQUILA\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u503c\u4e3a prometheus.storage.retention.time(\u9ed8\u8ba415\u5929)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u7559\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4:\u00a0<\/strong>\u7559\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\uff08\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7f16\u7801\uff09\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4. \u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u7559\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u8fc7\u5f80\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6d88\u8017\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0. \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6240\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7559\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4. AQUILA\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u503c\u4e3a prometheus.min-block-duration (\u9ed8\u8ba42h), prometheus.max-block-duration(\u9ed8\u8ba426h). Facebook \u5728\u8bba\u6587 \u300aGorilla: A Fast, Scalable, In-Memory Time Series DataBase\u300b \uff08Prometheus\u5b9e\u73b0\u53c2\u8003\u8bba\u6587\uff09\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7559\u5b58\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7ecf\u9a8c: 26 h.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6837\u672c(\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9)\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong>: \u6839\u636e Prometheus \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e, \u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u7684\u6837\u672c\u5927\u6982\u5360\u75281-2\u5b57\u8282\u5927\u5c0f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u73af\u5883:<\/strong><br \/>\nManager\u8282\u70b9: 3\u4e2a<br \/>\nPod\u603b\u6570: 74\u4e2a<br \/>\n\u670d\u52a1\u6570\u91cf: 4\u4e2a<\/p>\n<p>\u4f30\u7b97\u5982\u4e0b:<br \/>\n\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9\u7531\u5177\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 exporter \u5b9a\u4e49, \u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9\u53ef\u6839\u636e exporter \u66b4\u9732\u7ed9 prometheus \u7684 api \u83b7\u53d6<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ode-exporter(\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9) \u6709 534 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9, \u73b0\u573a\u7684\u8bdd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00node_exporter\u7684\/metrics\u754c\u9762, \u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u503c<\/li>\n<li>tdh-exporter(\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9) \u6709 481 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9 (\u6839\u636e\u5b89\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\u6570\u91cf\u51b3\u5b9a)<\/li>\n<li>manager-exporter(\u603b\u5171) \u6709\u63a5\u8fd1 3000 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9 (\u6839\u636e\u5b89\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\u6570\u91cf\u51b3\u5b9a)<\/li>\n<li>kube-state-metrics(\u603b\u5171) \u6709\u63a5\u8fd1 15000 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9 ((\u548cpod\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5173))<\/li>\n<li>prometheus (\u603b\u5171) \u81ea\u8eab\u6307\u6807\u6709 265 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9<\/li>\n<li>etcd (\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9) \u6709 1200 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9<\/li>\n<li>kubelet (\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9) \u67091225 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9 (\u548cpod\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5173)<\/li>\n<li>kubelet-caadvisor(\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9) \u67094897 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9 (\u548cpod\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5173)<\/li>\n<li>mysqld exporter (\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9) \u6709\u63a5\u8fd1 2400 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9<\/li>\n<li>Aquila \u81ea\u8eab\u6307\u6807 (\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9) \u6709\u63a5\u8fd1 300 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa, Prometheus \u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u91cf\u53d7\u5230:\u00a0<strong>\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9(\u5373\u6837\u672c\u6570\u91cf), \u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f, \u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694, \u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u56db\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e Prometheus \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e:<strong>\u00a0\u78c1\u76d8\u5927\u5c0f = \u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4 * \u6bcf\u79d2\u83b7\u53d6\u6837\u672c\u6570 * \u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Aquila \u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 15\u5929<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u79d2\u83b7\u53d6\u6837\u672c\u6570= \u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694\u5185\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6837\u672c\u603b\u6570 \/ \u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694\u83b7\u53d6 (\u9ed8\u8ba4 15s).<\/li>\n<li>\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u5355\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5e73\u5747\u5927\u5c0f(1-2 bytes)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u516c\u5f0f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u5728 TDH \u96c6\u7fa4\u4e0a, \u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 Promethues \u538b\u7f29\u6837\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u5927\u5c0f\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>node-exporter disk usage: 534 \/ 30 * (60 * 60) * 2 = 0.12 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>tdh-exporter disk usage: 481 \/ 30 * 60 * 60 * 2 = 0.11 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>manager-exporter disk usage: 3000 \/ 15 \/ (3\u8282\u70b9) * 60 * 60 * 2 = 0.46 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>kube-state-metrics disk usage: 15000 \/ 30 \/ (3\u8282\u70b9) * 60 * 60 * 2 = 1.15 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>prometheus disk usage: 265 \/ 15 \/ (3\u8282\u70b9) * 60 * 60 * 2 = 0.04 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>etcd disk usage: 1200 \/ 15 * 60 * 60 * 2 = 0.55 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>kubelet disk usage: 1225 \/ 15 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 2 = 0.56 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>kubelet-caadvisor disk usage: 4897 \/ 15 * 60 * 60 * 2 = 2.24 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>mysqld exporter disk usage: 2400 \/ 15 * 60 * 60 * 2 = 1.1 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>Aquila disk usage: 300 \/ 15 * 60 * 60 * 2 = 0.14 \u5146\/\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51e0\u9879\u4e4b\u548c\u76f8\u52a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba: \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a TDH \u8282\u70b9, Prometheus \u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u538b\u7f29\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 6.47 \u5146<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6837\u672c\u4e4b\u5916, \u6839\u636ePrometheus \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e, Prometheus \u8fd8\u5728\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u5199\u5165 write-ahead-log (WAL) \u6765\u9632\u6b62 Prometheus \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7a81\u7136\u5d29\u6e83\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u672a\u5199\u5165\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6837\u672c\u7684\u4e22\u5931.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>WAL \u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8ePrometheus \u7559\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f. \u800c\u7559\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53c8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6bcf\u79d2\u83b7\u53d6\u6837\u672c\u6570\u548c\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u7559\u5b58\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4.<\/li>\n<li>\u8bb0\u5f55\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684 WAL \u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f raw data, \u6545\u5927\u5c0f\u6bd4\u7ecf\u8fc7 Prometheus \u7f16\u7801\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5f97\u591a. Prometheus \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u8bf4\u660e\u81f3\u5c11\u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b583\u4e2a write-ahead log files(\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u4e3a128M), \u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7559\u5b58\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u6216\u8005\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f, \u90a3\u4e48\u7528\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6837\u672c\u7684 WAL \u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5927\u4e8e\u4e09\u4e2a.<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba1\u7b97 WAL \u6587\u4ef6 \u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u538b\u7f29\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c, \u552f\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u662f\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u662f raw data.<\/li>\n<li>\u6536\u96c6\u4e0a\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9\u7531 timestamp \u548c value \u6784\u6210, \u603b\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 16 bytes. \u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd1\u4f3c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684 timestamp \u6709\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684, \u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5b9e\u9645\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 16 bytes. \u8fd9\u91cc\u59d1\u4e14\u6309\u7167\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c 16 bytes \u5927\u5c0f\u8ba1\u7b97. WAL file \u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u6309\u7167\u5b98\u65b9\u8bf4\u660e\u662f\u81f3\u5c11 2 \u5c0f\u65f6, \u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u5927\u4e8e 2\u5c0f\u65f6. \u6309\u7167\u5b9e\u9645\u7ecf\u9a8c\u503c\u6765\u7b97\u4e3a 6 \u5c0f\u65f6\u5de6\u53f3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u89c2\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba: \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a TDH \u8282\u70b9Prometheus \u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f WAL \u6587\u4ef6 \u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 6.47 * (16 \/ 2) = 51.76 \u5146<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ed3\u8bba:\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u5728\u5355\u4e2a TDH \u8282\u70b9\u4e0a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u538b\u7f29\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a: 6.47 \u5146, \u9ed8\u8ba4\u6700\u5927\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a 15 \u5929,<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f WAL \u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a: 51.76 \u5146, \u7ecf\u9a8c\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a 6\u5c0f\u65f6<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u9879\u6309\u7167\u6700\u5927\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u51fa\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u7528: 2.6 G<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prometheus \u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7559\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u548c\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u6837\u672c<\/li>\n<li>\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>1)\u00a0 \u7559\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u548c\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u6837\u672c<br \/>\n\u7559\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u548c\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u6837\u672c\u548c WAL \u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a, \u7ecf\u9a8c\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a 6\u5c0f\u65f6.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a TDH \u8282\u70b9Prometheus, \u7559\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6837\u672c\u548c\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a: 310 \u5146<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2)\u00a0 \u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5343\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9\u5927\u7ea6\u9700\u8981 1M \u5185\u5b58.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a TDH \u8282\u70b9Prometheus, \u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a: (15000(\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9) \/ 1000) = 15 \u5146<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Prometheus \u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51e0\u90e8\u5206\u76f8\u52a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ed3\u8bba\u5355\u4e2a TDH \u8282\u70b9\u4e0a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6d88\u8017\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a: 325 \u5146<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u5185\u5b58\u8c03\u4f18\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2013query.max-samples=50000000: Maximum number of samples a single query can load into memory<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u591a\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.echo.cool\/docs\/observability\/prometheus\/prometheus-storage-and-performance\/storage-capacity-planning\/<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\uff1ahttps:\/\/cairry.github.io\/docs\/Prometheus\/storage.htm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11597"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11597"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11597\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11598,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11597\/revisions\/11598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}