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Git\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h1>\n

GitLab\u79c1\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93<\/h2>\n

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1\u3001Git\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n
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    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4eba\u4eec\u53c8\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1f \u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u5316\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf(Centralized Version Control Systems\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 CVCS)\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002 \u8fd9\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982 CVS\u3001Subversion(SVN) \u4ee5\u53ca Perforce \u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u8ba2\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u5230\u8fd9\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53d6\u51fa\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/div><\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u8001\u5f0f\u7684\u672c\u5730 VCS \u6765\u8bf4\u3002 \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002 \u800c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u638c\u63a7\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a CVCS \u8981\u8fdc\u6bd4\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0a\u7ef4\u62a4\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6765\u5f97\u8f7b\u677e\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\n    \u4e8b\u5206\u4e24\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u597d\u6709\u574f\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u6700\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u5b95\u673a\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c\u8c01\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6240\u5728\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u53d1\u751f\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u53c8\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u6070\u5f53\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u60a8\u5c06\u4e22\u5931\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u53d8\u66f4\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u5feb\u7167\u3002\u672c\u5730\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5355\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u4e22\u5931\u6240\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
4\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n
    \u4e8e\u662f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf(Distributed Version Control System\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 DVCS)\u9762\u4e16\u4e86\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u50cf Git\u3001Mercurial\u3001Bazaar \u4ee5\u53ca Darcs \u7b49\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u628a\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u955c\u50cf\u4e0b\u6765\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5904\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u4e8b\u540e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u672c\u5730\u4ed3\u5e93\u6062\u590d\u3002 \u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u514b\u9686\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a <\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/div><\/p>\n
    \u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u548c\u82e5\u5e72\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fdc\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u85c9\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7684\u4eba\u76f8\u4e92\u534f\u4f5c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5c42\u6b21\u6a21\u578b\u5f0f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e09\u3001Git\u4e0eSVN\u533a\u522b<\/h2>\n
Git \u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf(CMS)\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u3002\n\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u4f7f\u7528 SVN \u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u6765\u9002\u5e94 Git \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u7279\u5f81\u3002\n\nGit \u4e0e SVN \u533a\u522b\u70b9:\n    1\u3001Git \u662f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\uff0cSVN \u4e0d\u662f\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f Git \u548c\u5176\u5b83\u975e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 SVN\uff0cCVS \u7b49\uff0c\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\n\n    2\u3001Git \u628a\u5185\u5bb9\u6309\u5143\u6570\u636e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u800c SVN \u662f\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u662f\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u4fe1\u606f\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c .svn\u3001.cvs \u7b49\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cc\u3002\n\n    3\u3001Git \u5206\u652f\u548c SVN \u7684\u5206\u652f\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u5206\u652f\u5728 SVN \u4e2d\u4e00\u70b9\u90fd\u4e0d\u7279\u522b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u7248\u672c\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\n\n    4\u3001Git \u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u800c SVN \u6709\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u8fd9\u662f\u8ddf SVN \u76f8\u6bd4 Git \u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\n\n    5\u3001Git \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u8981\u4f18\u4e8e SVN\uff1aGit \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5b58\u50a8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f SHA-1 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u9047\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u6545\u969c\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e\u5bf9\u7248\u672c\u5e93\u7684\u7834\u574f\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/div><\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001Git\u7b80\u53f2<\/h2>\n
\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4f1f\u5927\u4e8b\u7269\u4e00\u6837\uff0cGit \u8bde\u751f\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5bcc\u7eb7\u4e89\u5927\u4e3e\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\n    Linux \u5185\u6838\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u7740\u4e3a\u6570\u4f17\u5e7f\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u3002 \u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684 Linux \u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u82b1\u5728\u4e86\u63d0\u4ea4\u8865\u4e01\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f52\u6863\u7684\u7e41\u7410\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0a(1991\uff0d2002\u5e74\u95f4)\u3002 \u5230 2002 \u5e74\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7ec4\u5f00\u59cb\u542f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u6709\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf BitKeeper \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\n    \u5230\u4e86 2005 \u5e74\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1 BitKeeper \u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u540c Linux \u5185\u6838\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6536\u56de\u4e86 Linux \u5185\u6838\u793e\u533a\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528 BitKeeper \u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002 \u8fd9\u5c31\u8feb\u4f7f Linux \u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a(\u7279\u522b\u662f Linux \u7684\u7f14\u9020\u8005 Linus Torvalds)\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528 BitKeeper \u65f6\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 \u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u65b0\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5236\u8ba2\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\n\n    \u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u5feb\n    \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b80\u5355\n    \u5bf9\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5f3a\u529b\u652f\u6301(\u5141\u8bb8\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4e2a\u5e76\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5206\u652f)\n    \u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\n    \u6709\u80fd\u529b\u9ad8\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u7c7b\u4f3c Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8d85\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u9879\u76ee(\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6570\u636e\u91cf)\n\n\u81ea\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e 2005 \u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0cGit \u65e5\u81fb\u6210\u719f\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6613\u7528\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u7740\u521d\u671f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002 \u5b83\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u98de\u5feb\uff0c\u6781\u5176\u9002\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5206\u652f\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf(\u53c2\u89c1 Git \u5206\u652f)<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e94\u3001Git\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n
1\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8bb0\u5f55\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5dee\u5f02\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h3>\n
    Git \u548c\u5176\u5b83\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf(\u5305\u62ec Subversion \u548c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5de5\u5177)\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5dee\u522b\u5728\u4e8e Git \u5bf9\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u6765\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u66f4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u8fd9\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf(CVS\u3001Subversion\u3001Perforce\u3001Bazaar \u7b49\u7b49)\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u57fa\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u9010\u6b65\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5b58\u50a8\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/div><\/p>\n
    Git \u4e0d\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5f85\u6216\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u53cd\u4e4b\uff0cGit \u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u628a\u6570\u636e\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u5bf9\u5c0f\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u5feb\u7167\u3002 \u6bcf\u6b21\u4f60\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u6216\u5728 Git \u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u9879\u76ee\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6587\u4ef6\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u7167\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5feb\u7167\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u4fee\u6539\uff0cGit \u4e0d\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b58\u50a8\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u4e4b\u524d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 Git \u5bf9\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \u5feb\u7167\u6d41\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a <\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/div><\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u662f Git \u4e0e\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u533a\u522b\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64 Git \u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u4ee5\u524d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4ee3\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u3002 Git \u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u8d85\u5f3a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 VCS\u3002 \u7a0d\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5728 Git \u5206\u652f\u8ba8\u8bba Git \u5206\u652f\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u63a2\u7a76\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u6240\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u76ca\u5904\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
2\u3001\u8fd1\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u672c\u5730\u6267\u884c<\/h3>\n
    1\u3001\u5728 Git \u4e2d\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5176\u5b83\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u65f6\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cGit \u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u611f\u5230\u901f\u5ea6\u4e4b\u795e\u8d50\u7ed9\u4e86 Git \u8d85\u51e1\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002 \u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u5728\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u5c31\u6709\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u77ac\u95f4\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\n\n    2\u3001\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8981\u6d4f\u89c8\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0cGit \u4e0d\u9700\u5916\u8fde\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53bb\u83b7\u53d6\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u53ea\u9700\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002 \u4f60\u80fd\u7acb\u5373\u770b\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u5386\u53f2\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672c\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0cGit \u4f1a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u524d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u672c\u5730\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u6216\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u62c9\u56de\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u518d\u6765\u672c\u5730\u5904\u7406\u3002\n\n    3\u3001\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u79bb\u7ebf\u6216\u8005\u6ca1\u6709 VPN \u65f6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 \u5982\u4f60\u5728\u98de\u673a\u6216\u706b\u8f66\u4e0a\u60f3\u505a\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u6109\u5feb\u5730\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u518d\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002 \u5982\u4f60\u56de\u5bb6\u540e VPN \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4f60\u4ecd\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5b83\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u5982\u6b64\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6216\u5f88\u8d39\u529b\u7684\u3002 \u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7528 Perforce\uff0c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\uff1b\u7528 Subversion \u548c CVS\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d0\u4ea4\u4fee\u6539(\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u79bb\u7ebf\u4e86)\u3002 \u8fd9\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u60ca\u559c\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
3\u3001Git\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/h3>\n
1\u3001Git \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u524d\u90fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ee5\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u3002 \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728 Git \u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u65f6\u66f4\u6539\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5efa\u6784\u5728 Git \u5e95\u5c42\uff0c\u662f\u6784\u6210 Git \u54f2\u5b66\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u82e5\u4f60\u5728\u4f20\u9001\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e22\u5931\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u635f\u574f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cGit \u5c31\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\n\n2\u3001Git \u7528\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u7684\u673a\u5236\u53eb\u505a SHA-1 \u6563\u5217(hash\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c)\u3002 \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 40 \u4e2a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26(0-9 \u548c a-f)\u7ec4\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e Git \u4e2d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u3002 SHA-1 \u54c8\u5e0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a\n24b9da6552252987aa493b52f8696cd6d3b0037\n\n3\u3001Git \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u7ecf\u5e38\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002 \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cGit \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u6765\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
4\u3001Git\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n
    \u4f60\u6267\u884c\u7684 Git \u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ea\u5f80 Git \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u5f88\u96be\u8ba9 Git \u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8ba9\u5b83\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u5f0f\u6e05\u9664\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u540c\u522b\u7684 VCS \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u5f04\u4e71\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u4f60\u63d0\u4ea4\u5feb\u7167\u5230 Git \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u96be\u4ee5\u518d\u4e22\u5931\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u63a8\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u8bdd\u3002\n    \u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 Git \u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5fc3\u6109\u60a6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u77e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c3d\u60c5\u505a\u5404\u79cd\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u4e8b\u60c5\u5f04\u7cdf\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002 \u66f4\u6df1\u5ea6\u63a2\u8ba8 Git \u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u53ca\u6062\u590d\u4e22\u5931\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u64a4\u6d88\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
5\u3001\u4e09\u79cd\u72b6\u6001<\/h3>\n
\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4(committed)\u3001\u5df2\u4fee\u6539(modified)\u548c\u5df2\u6682\u5b58(staged)\u3002 \n    1\u3001\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002 \n    2\u3001\u5df2\u4fee\u6539\u8868\u793a\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6ca1\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002 \n    3\u3001\u5df2\u6682\u5b58\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672c\u505a\u4e86\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e0b\u6b21\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u4e2d\u3002\n\u7531\u6b64\u5f15\u5165 Git \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1aGit \u4ed3\u5e93\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u4ee5\u53ca Git \u4ed3\u5e93\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a <\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/div><\/p>\n
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\u516d\u3001Git\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n
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\"\"<\/div><\/p>\n
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1\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n
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2\u3001\u4e09\u8005\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n
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1\u3001\u56fe\u4e2d\u5de6\u4fa7\u4e3a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff0c\u53f3\u4fa7\u4e3a\u7248\u672c\u5e93\u3002\u5728\u7248\u672c\u5e93\u4e2d\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a "index" \u7684\u533a\u57df\u662f\u6682\u5b58\u533a\uff08stage, index\uff09\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a "master" \u7684\u662f master \u5206\u652f\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u3002\n\n2\u3001\u56fe\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u6b64\u65f6 "HEAD" \u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u6307\u5411 master \u5206\u652f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a"\u6e38\u6807"\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u56fe\u793a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0 HEAD \u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 master \u6765\u66ff\u6362\u3002\n\n3\u3001\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684 objects \u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4e3a Git \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4f4d\u4e8e ".git\/objects" \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ca\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n\n4\u3001\u5f53\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u4fee\u6539\uff08\u6216\u65b0\u589e\uff09\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c "git add" \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u4fee\u6539\uff08\u6216\u65b0\u589e\uff09\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u5230\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684ID\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u3002\n\n5\u3001\u5f53\u6267\u884c\u63d0\u4ea4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08git commit\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u5199\u5230\u7248\u672c\u5e93\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93\uff09\u4e2d\uff0cmaster \u5206\u652f\u4f1a\u505a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u5373 master \u6307\u5411\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u4ea4\u65f6\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u3002\n\n6\u3001\u5f53\u6267\u884c "git reset HEAD" \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u88ab master \u5206\u652f\u6307\u5411\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u6240\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\n\n7\u3001\u5f53\u6267\u884c "git rm --cached <file>" \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u5219\u4e0d\u505a\u51fa\u6539\u53d8\u3002\n\n8\u3001\u5f53\u6267\u884c "git checkout ." \u6216\u8005 "git checkout -- <file>" \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u7528\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u5168\u90e8\u6216\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u66ff\u6362\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f88\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u4f1a\u6e05\u9664\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u4e2d\u672a\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u7684\u6539\u52a8\u3002\n\n9\u3001\u5f53\u6267\u884c "git checkout HEAD ." \u6216\u8005 "git checkout HEAD <file>" \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u7528 HEAD \u6307\u5411\u7684 master \u5206\u652f\u4e2d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6216\u8005\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u4ef6\u66ff\u6362\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u548c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u662f\u6781\u5177\u5371\u9669\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4f46\u4f1a\u6e05\u9664\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u4e2d\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6e05\u9664\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u4e2d\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6539\u52a8\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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