{"id":165,"date":"2021-07-28T09:39:33","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T01:39:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=165"},"modified":"2024-04-14T23:23:53","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T15:23:53","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e8%8a%82%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%9d%e8%af%86shell%e4%b9%8b%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=165","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282\uff1a\u521d\u8bc6shell\u4e4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u7840"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>\u521d\u8bc6shell\u4e4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u7840<\/h1>\n<h2>\u4e00 shell\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h2>\n<p>Shell \u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\u8d1d\u58f3\uff0c\u5bd3\u610f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u58f3\u3002Shell\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u8bbf\u95ee\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u79f0\u4e3aSHELL\u3002\u72ed\u4e49\u7684shell\u6307\u7684\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684SHELL\u5219\u5305\u62ec\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784-1.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784-1.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p>Shell \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002Shell \u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0cshell\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u4ee3\u4e24\u5c42\u610f\u601d:<\/p>\n<h3>1\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>python\u8bed\u8a00 \u300a==================\u300bshell\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u300a=================\u300bshell\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/p>\n<p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u300a=====================\u300b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u300a===================\u300b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">sh\uff08Bourne Shell\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u91cd\u8981shell\uff0c1978\u5e74\u7531\u53f2\u8482\u592b\u00b7\u4f2f\u6069\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u5e76\u540cVersion 7 Unix\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\r\n\r\nbash\uff08Bourne-Again Shell\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3aGNU\u8ba1\u5212\u7f16\u5199\u7684Unix shell\u30021987\u5e74\u7531\u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u798f\u514b\u65af\u521b\u9020\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e0ePOSIX\u6807\u51c6\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u987e\u5bf9sh\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u662f\u5404\u79cdLinux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6807\u51c6\u914d\u7f6e\u7684Shell\uff0c\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\/bin\/sh\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6307\u5411\/bin\/bash\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\r\n\r\ndash \uff08Debian Almquist shell\uff09\u4e00\u79cd Unix shell\u3002\u5b83\u6bd4 Bash \u5c0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6027\u529f\u80fd\u4e5f\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u5b83\u7531 NetBSD\u7248\u672c\u7684Almquist shell (ash)\u53d1\u5c55\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u4e8e1997\u5e74\u7531\u8d6b\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u8bb8\uff08Herbert Xu\uff09\u79fb\u690d\u5230Linux\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e8e2002\u5e74\u6539\u540d\u4e3a dash\u3002\r\n\r\n\/\/sh \u9075\u5faaPOSIX\u89c4\u8303\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u67d0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u51fa\u9519\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u4e0b\u89e3\u91ca\u201d\u3002bash \u5c31\u7b97\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\u3002\r\n\/\/sh \u8ddfbash\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662fbash\u6709\u6ca1\u5f00\u542fPOSIX\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\r\n\/\/\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\uff0csh\u662fbash\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0csh\u5c31\u662f\u5f00\u542f\u4e86POSIX\u6807\u51c6\u7684bash\uff0c \/bin\/sh \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e \/bin\/bash --posix\u3002\r\n\/\/\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\/bin\/sh\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6307\u5411\/bin\/bash\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\r\n\/\/ ln -s \/bin\/bash \/bin\/sh\r\n\r\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5SHELL\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\r\n\r\n1. \u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\r\n2. \u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\r\n3. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\r\n4. \u78c1\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406\r\n5. \u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\r\n6. \u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2\u3001shell\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">Shell \u811a\u672c\uff08shell script\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3a shell \u7f16\u5199\u7684\u811a\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684shell\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u6307 shell \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4f46shell\u548cshell script\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u8bf4\u201cshell\u7f16\u7a0b\u201d\u90fd\u662f\u6307 shell \u811a\u672c\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u5f00\u53d1 shell \u81ea\u8eab\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>GNU bash<\/p>\n<pre><code>    Bash(GNU Bourne-Again Shell)\u662f\u8bb8\u591aLinux\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5185\u5b9aShell\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4f20\u7edfUNIX\u4e0a\u7528\u7684Shell\uff0c\u50cftcsh\u3001csh\u3001ash\u3001bsh\u3001ksh\u7b49\u7b49\uff0cShell Script\u5927\u81f4\u90fd\u7c7b\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u90fd\u901a\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u60a8\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e00\u79cdShell\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684Shell\u4f1a\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4e0a\u624b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aShell Script\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u79cdShell\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\r\n\r\nbash\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u53caMac OS X v10.4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684shell\uff0cbash\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5f3a\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570Unix\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u4e86Microsoft Windows\u4e0a\u7684Cygwin\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0windows\u7684POSIX\u865a\u62df\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u88abDJGPP\u9879\u76ee\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u4e86MS-DOS\u4e0a\u3002bash\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\u662fBourne shell\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u8d85\u96c6\u3002\u6570\u91cf\u5e9e\u5927\u7684Bourne shell\u811a\u672c\u5927\u591a\u4e0d\u7ecf\u4fee\u6539\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728bash\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f15\u7528\u4e86Bourne\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86Bourne\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u811a\u672c\u624d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u3002 \r\n\r\nbash\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\u5f88\u591a\u6765\u81eaKorn shell (ksh) \u548c C shell (csh)\uff0c \u4f8b\u5982\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u6808\uff0c$RANDOM \u548c $PPID \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caPOSIX\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7f6e\u6362\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a $(...)\u3002GNU bash\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7684shell\uff0c\u6309\u4e0bTAB\u952e\u5373\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u5df2\u90e8\u5206\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>posix\uff1a\uff08\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u611f\u8c22\u8fd9\u4e2aposix\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u5b66\u5b8c\u4e00\u79cdshell\u4f8b\u5982bash\u8fd9\u79cd\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728rockylinux\u3001ubuntu\u4e0a\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u7528\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">\/\/ \u4e00\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a\r\nPOSIX\uff08Portable Operating System Interface\uff0c\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a5\u53e3\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6807\u51c6\u3002\r\n\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bf4\uff0c\u00a0POSIX\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86POSIX\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6240\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86POSIX\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4e8c\uff1a\r\n\/\/1\u3001POSIX\u5b9a\u4e49\r\nPOSIX: Portable Operating System Interface of Unix.\uff0c\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a5\u53e3\u3002X\u8868\u793a\u5176\u662f\u5bf9Unix API\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u3002\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\r\nPOSIX\u6807\u51c6\u7531IEEE\uff08\u7535\u6c14\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u534f\u4f1a\uff09\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u662fIEEE\u4e3a\u8981\u5728\u5404\u79cdUNIX\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u800c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217API\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002\r\n\r\n\u7b80\u5355\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3POSIX\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1API\u65f6\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4e00\u5957\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u96c6\u3002\r\n\r\n\/\/2\u3001POSIX\u7684\u8bde\u751f\/\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\r\nPOSIX\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u548cUnix\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u6700\u65e9\u7684Unix\uff0c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6d41\u4f20\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u65e9\u671f\u7684Unix\u4e0d\u591f\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4e4b\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u597d\u4e9b\u72ec\u7acb\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e0eUnix\u57fa\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u4f46\u53c8\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u517c\u5bb9\u7684OS\uff0c\u901a\u79f0Unix-like OS\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7248\u672c\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5bfc\u81f4\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u4e4b\u5904\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u7ed9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u5927\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5bf9Unix\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6781\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5229\u3002\r\n\r\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u6df7\u4e71\u5c40\u9762\uff0cIEEE\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86POSIX\u6807\u51c6\uff0cPOSIX\u5728\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u6700\u5c0f\u7684Unix(\u7c7bunix\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 \u8fd9\u5957\u6807\u51c6\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982Unix\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684C\u8bed\u8a00\u63a5\u53e3\uff0cshell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002POSIX\u6807\u51c6\u610f\u5728\u671f\u671b\u83b7\u5f97\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aPOSIX\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6POSIX\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u6267\u884c\u3002\r\n\r\nPOSIX\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u65cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8eUnix, \u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982Microsoft windows NT, Linux\u7b49\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u6216\u8005\u90e8\u5206\u652f\u6301POSIX\u6807\u51c6\u3002\r\n\r\n\/\/3\u3001POSIX\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u601d\u8def\r\n\u95ee\u9898\uff1a \u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0clinux\u4e0b\u662ffork\u51fd\u6570\uff0cwindows\u4e0b\u662fcreateprocess\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7528\u5230\u4e86fork\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8981\u5f80windows\u4e0a\u79fb\u690d\u5c31\u5f97\u628a\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u9762\u7684fork\u901a\u901a\u6539\u6210createprocess,\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002\r\n\r\n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a \u5b9a\u4e49POSIX\u6807\u51c6\uff0c linux\u548cwindows\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8ePOSIX\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u540c\u6837\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b9a\u4e49\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3aposix_fork(\u793a\u4f8b\u540d\/\u975e\u771f\u5b9e\u540d\u5b57\uff09, \u4e14linux\u548cwindows\u90fd\u628a\u5404\u81ea\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5c01\u88c5\u6210posix_fork\uff0c\u90fd\u58f0\u660e\u5728unistd.h\u91cc\u3002 \u8fd9\u6837\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7f16\u5199\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5305\u542bunistd.h, \u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2aPOSIX\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\uff1a posix_fork\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u4e8c shell\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883<\/h2>\n<p>\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u89e3\u91ca\u5668bash\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6572\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">[root@xxx ~]#       #\u53f7\u4ee3\u8868\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\r\n[root@xxx ~]$       $\u53f7\u4ee3\u8868\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\r\n\r\nroot==&gt;\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\r\n@=====&gt;\u5206\u9694\u7b26\r\nxxx==&gt;\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\r\n~====&gt;\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u666e\u901a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\r\nuseradd egon\r\n\/\/ \u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\r\npasswd egon\r\n\/\/ \u975e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\r\necho \"123\" | passwd --stdin egon <\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u4e09 shell\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5fc5\u9009\uff09<\/li>\n<li>2\u3001\u9009\u9879\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5 -, &#8211;, +\u5f00\u5934\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/li>\n<li>3\u3001\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>ps\uff1aunix\u8ba4\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u793a\u4fbf\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5373\u7ed3\u679c\u6b63\u786e\uff0clinux\u7ee7\u627funix\u7684\u4f18\u826f\u4f20\u7edf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b1<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">ls\r\nls \/root\r\nls -l \/root<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b2<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@rockylinux ~]# date\r\nFri Mar 15 22:24:38 CST 2024\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# date +%F\r\n2024-03-15\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# date -s 22:26:00\r\nFri Mar 15 22:26:00 CST 2024\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# date\r\nFri Mar 15 22:26:01 CST 2024\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# data -s \"2024-11-11 11:11:11\"\r\n-bash: data: command not found\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# date -s \"2024-11-11 11:11:11\"\r\nMon Nov 11 11:11:11 CST 2024<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8865\u5145\u5b89\u88c5\u8bed\u8a00\u5305\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u6587<\/p>\n<pre><code>yum install glibc-langpack-zh # rockylinux\r\n\r\n\u5982\u679c\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u7387\u8ddf\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7528date -s \"\u5e74-\u6708-\u65e5 \u65f6:\u5206:\u79d2\"\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e0b\r\nCurl error (60): SSL peer certificate or SSH remote key was not OK for https:\/\/mirrors.rockylinux.org\/mirrorlist?arch=x86_64&amp;repo=BaseOS-9 [SSL certificate problem: certificate has expired]\r\n\r\n\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u8bed\u8a00\u5305\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u793a\u4e2d\u6587\u4e86\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# date\r\n2024\u5e74 03\u6708 15\u65e5 \u661f\u671f\u4e94 22:35:00 CST<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b3<\/p>\n<p>rockylinux<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@rockylinux ~]# cat \/etc\/redhat-release \r\nRocky Linux release 9.3 (Blue Onyx)\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# uname -r\r\n5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3.x86_64\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# uname -m\r\nx86_64\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# uname -a\r\nLinux rockylinux 5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3.x86_64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed Nov 8 17:36:32 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU\/Linux\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u56db bash\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168 \u6ce8\u610f\uff1aTab\u53ea\u80fd\u8865\u5168\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@localhost ~]# ls \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-ens33 <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5feb\u6377\u952e\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">^c   \u7ec8\u6b62\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\r\n^l    \u6e05\u5c4f \r\n^a   \u5149\u6807\u79fb\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u6700\u524d\u7aef\r\n^e   \u5149\u6807\u79fb\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u540e\u7aef\r\n^r   \u641c\u7d22\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\r\nAlt+. \u5f15\u7528\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e!$<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">\/\/ 1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\r\n[root@xxx ~]# history\r\n\r\n\/\/ 2\u3001\u6e05\u7a7a\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\r\n[root@xxx ~]# history -c\r\n\r\n\/\/ 3\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\uff1acat ~\/.bash_history\r\n\r\n\/\/ 4\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4fdd\u5b581000\u6761\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/profile\u4e2d\u7684HISTSIZE=2000\r\n\r\n\/\/ 5\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\r\n\uff081\uff09\u5149\u6807\u4e0a\u4e0b\u952e\r\n\uff082\uff09^r                        \/\/\u641c\u7d22\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4(\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u6bb5\u67d0\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684)\r\n\uff083\uff09!220                      \/\/\u6267\u884c\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7b2c220\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\r\n\uff084\uff09!\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32                  \/\/\u641c\u7d22\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5xxxx\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982!ser\r\n\uff085\uff09!$                        \/\/\u5f15\u7528\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\r\n  [root@xxx home]# ls   \/root   \/home\r\n  [root@xxx home]# cd !$\r\n  cd \/home\r\n\r\n  [root@xxx home]# ls   \/root   \/home\r\n  [root@xxx home]# touch !$\/file1\r\n  touch \/home\/file1<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u522b\u540d\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">\u522b\u540d\r\n# alias   \/\/\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u522b\u540d\r\n ll='ls -l --color=tty'\r\n# alias egon='ls \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/'        \/\/\u5efa\u7acb\u522b\u540d  \r\n# unalias  egon  \r\n\r\n[root@xxx ~]# grep root \/etc\/passwd \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u6709\u989c\u8272\r\n[root@xxx ~]# alias grep\r\nalias grep='grep --color=auto'<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u4e94 \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a<\/h2>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">bash shell\u67e5\u627e\u547d\u4ee4\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a\r\n==&gt;\u4ee5\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\/bin\/ls  \u6216 cd \/bin; .\/ls\r\n    ==&gt; alias\r\n      ==&gt; Compound Commands\u590d\u5408\u547d\u4ee4\r\n        ==&gt; function\r\n          ==&gt; build_in\uff0c\u5982cd\uff0ckill\uff0cpwd\u3001alias\u3001echo\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\"type -a \u547d\u4ee4\"\u67e5\u770b\r\n            ==&gt; hash\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7f13\u5b58\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0b\u6b21\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u53d6\r\n              ==&gt; $PATH\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfecho $PATH\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\/bin\/ls\r\n                ==&gt; error: command not found\r\n\r\n\u590d\u5408\u547d\u4ee4\u4f8b\u5982\r\nfor((i=0;i&lt;=3;i++))do echo 123;done\r\n\u51fd\u6570\u4f8b\u5982\r\nfunction f(){ echo 123; }\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f{}\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u8fb9\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\r\n\r\n# ps\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1awhich \u547d\u4ee4<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u516d \u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f<\/h2>\n<p>1\u3001man\u624b\u518c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">\/\/ 1\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u4f7f\u7528\r\nman \u547d\u4ee4\r\n\r\n\/\/ 2\u3001\u8be6\u89e3\u5982\u4e0b\r\nman \u624b\u518c\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982man ls\r\n\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\/-h    n N\r\n\r\n\u6280\u5de7\u4e00\uff1a\u6309\u7ae0\u8282\u6765\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f1\uff08\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c5\uff08\u6587\u672c\u89c4\u8303\uff09\uff0c8\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\r\n\/usr\/bin\/passwd         \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801   man 1 passwd \r\n\/etc\/passwd                 \u4fdd\u5b58\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6   man 5 passwd\r\n\/etc\/exports                man exports    man 5 exports\r\n\r\n\u6280\u5de7\u4e8c\uff1a\u6309\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u68c0\u7d22\uff08\u9002\u5408\u8bb0\u4e0d\u4f4f\u624b\u518c\u7684\u5168\u540d\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\r\nman -k \"_selinux\"         \/\/\u624b\u518c\u540d\u6216\u624b\u518c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u5b57_selinux\r\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ecewhatis\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u91cc\u627e\uff08# makewhatis\uff09\r\n\r\n\u6280\u5de7\u4e09\uff1a\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\r\n# man -a passwd\r\n# man -f passwd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2\u3001&#8211;help\u6216\u8005help\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">\u547d\u4ee4 --help\r\nhelp \u547d\u4ee4\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4f8b1\r\n[root@xxx ~]# ls --help\r\n\u7528\u6cd5\uff1als [\u9009\u9879]... [\u6587\u4ef6]...\r\n\r\nls \u5e38\u89c1\u9009\u9879\r\n-a    all,\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-l     \u957f\u5217\u8868\u663e\u793a\r\n-h    human \u4ee5\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765   \r\n-d    \u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5217\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u5bb9\r\n-t     \u6309\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f\r\n-r     \u9006\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\r\n-i      \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684inode\u53f7\uff08\u7d22\u5f15\u53f7\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3\u3001info \u975e\u5e38\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<p>4\u3001\u5b98\u65b9\u624b\u518c<\/p>\n<p>5\u3001 chatgpt\u3001google\u3001bing<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e03 \u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">[root@iZm5e59rizbgmmp4net6zbZ ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname aliyun \/\/ \u9000\u51fa\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u5165\u5373\u53ef\u770b\u5230<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u542f\u52a8\u7ea7\u522b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@iZm5e59rizbgmmp4net6zbZ ~]# systemctl set-default graphical.target  \/\/ \u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\r\n[root@iZm5e59rizbgmmp4net6zbZ ~]# systemctl set-default multi-user.target  \/\/ \u5b57\u7b26\u7ec8\u7aef<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bip\u5730\u5740\uff08\u8bbe\u7f6eip\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u7ae0\u8282\u91cc\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u67e5\u770b\r\nifconfig  # rockylinux\u3001ubunt\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5net-tools\u624d\u80fd\u7528ifconfi\r\nifconfig eth0 # \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884cip a show eth0<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7528date\u547d\u4ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<pre class=\"code\"><code class=\"language-python\">date --help\r\ndate \"+%Y_%m_%d  %H-%M-%S\" # \u67e5\u770b\u65f6\u95f4\r\ndate -s \"2018-05-17 09:51:50\" # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\r\n\r\n\u4e24\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\r\n1\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u521a\u7528date -s\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\r\n2\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u5b58\u5728CMOS\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u4f1a\u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\r\n\r\n\u5982\u679c\u521adate -s \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7acb\u5373\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u5c06\u521a\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5199\u5165CMOS\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u672c\u6b21\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e0\u6548\r\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6539\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728date -s\u4e4b\u540e\u7406\u89e3\u6267\u884chwclock \u2013w # \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5f3a\u5236\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u5199\u5165CMOS\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<div  class='collapse-block shadow-sm collapse-block-transparent collapsed hide-border-left'><div class='collapse-block-title'><span class='collapse-block-title-inner'>\u62d3\u5c55\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f<\/span><i class='collapse-icon fa fa-angle-down'><\/i><\/div><div class='collapse-block-body' style='display:none;'><\/p>\n<pre class=\"code\"><code class=\"language-python\">\/\/ =============\u300bdate\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u4e3a\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u4e24\u79cd\r\n#1\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\uff1a\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u662f\u6307\u4e3b\u673a\u677f\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u949f\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u5728BIOS\u753b\u9762\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u949f\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\u5b58\u653e\u4e8eCMOS\u4e2d\u3002\r\n#2\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u5219\u662f\u6307kernel\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u949f\uff0c\u5f53Linux\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\r\nps\uff1a\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6bd4\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u61628\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\r\n\r\n\/\/ =============\u300b\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\uff1a\r\nLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u4eceCMOS\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u5373\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u6240\u6709Linux\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u4ee4\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u3002\r\n\r\nlinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u79cd\u65f6\u533a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u533a\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3aUTC\u65f6\u533a\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\u5b58\u7684\u662fUTC\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u4f1a\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u518d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\r\n\r\n\u4ee5\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0eCMOS\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0cLinux\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u5199\u5165CMOS\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u540c\u6b65\u662f\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u5927\u7ea6\u662f11\u5206\u949f\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884cdate -s\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9a6c\u4e0a\u91cd\u8d77\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5199\u5165CMOS,\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\r\n\u5982\u679c\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4fee\u6539\u751f\u6548\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\r\n#hwclock \u2013w\r\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5f3a\u5236\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u5199\u5165CMOS\u3002\r\n\r\n\/\/ =============\u300bhwclock\u547d\u4ee4\r\nhwclock\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0eclock\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\uff08query and set the hardware clock (RTC)\uff09\u3002RTC=Real Time Clock\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6709\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u7b49\u4e24\u79cd\u65f6\u949f\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u662f\u6307\u4e3b\u673a\u677f\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u949f\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u5728BIOS\u753b\u9762\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u949f\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u5219\u662f\u6307kernel\u4e2d\r\n\u7684\u65f6\u949f\u3002\u6240\u6709Linux\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u4ee4\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u949f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0chwclock\u547d\u4ee4\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u3002\r\n\r\n\/\/ hwclock\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\r\n-r, --show \u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\r\n-s, --hctosys \u5c06\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\r\n-w, --systohc \u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<p>\u7528timedatectl\u547d\u4ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<pre class=\"code\">#1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\r\ntimedatectl # \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e timedatectl <a class=\"hl hl-1\" href=\"https:\/\/so.csdn.net\/so\/search?q=status&amp;spm=1001.2101.3001.7020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-report-click=\"{&quot;spm&quot;:&quot;1001.2101.3001.7020&quot;,&quot;dest&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/so.csdn.net\/so\/search?q=status&amp;spm=1001.2101.3001.7020&quot;,&quot;extra&quot;:&quot;{\\&quot;searchword\\&quot;:\\&quot;status\\&quot;}&quot;}\" data-tit=\"status\" data-pretit=\"status\">status<\/a>\r\n\r\n[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl status\r\nLocal time: Sun 2024-04-14 22:03:06 CST  # \u5373locat time\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u4f60\u6240\u5728\u65f6\u533a\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\r\nUniversal time: Sun 2024-04-14 14:03:06 UTC # \u4e16\u754c\u6807\u51c6\u65f6\u95f4\r\nRTC time: Sun 2024-04-14 14:03:06     # \u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u65f6\u65f6\u949f\uff08Real-Time Clock\uff09\r\n                                      # \u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u4e0e\u4f60\u7684CST\u5dee8h\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\r\n\r\nTime zone: Asia\/Shanghai (CST, +0800)       # \u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u533a\r\nSystem clock synchronized: yes              # \u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u65f6\u95f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540c\u6b65\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\r\nNTP service: active                         # ntp\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u5904\u4e8e\u6d3b\u8dc3\u72b6\u6001\r\nRTC in local TZ: no # \u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\uff08RTC\uff09\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86timedatectl set-local-rtc 1\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4f1a\u663e\u793ayes\r\n\r\n\r\n# \u5728centos7.9\u4e0a\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\r\n\u201cNTP enabled\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u95f4\u534f\u8bae\uff08NTP\uff09\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\u3002NTP\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u6b65\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u6807\u51c6\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\r\n\u201cNTP synchronized\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7NTP\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u540c\u6b65\u3002\r\n\u201cRTC in local TZ\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\uff08RTC\uff09\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 timedatectl set-local-rtc 1\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u201cyes\u201d\u3002\r\n\u201cDST active\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u590f\u4ee4\u65f6\u3002\r\n#2\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\r\ntimedatectl set-time \u201cYYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS\u201d # \u5982\u679c\u5f00\u542f\u4e86ntp\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5931\u8d25\r\n\r\n#3\u3001\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u533a\r\ntimedatectl list-timezones\r\n\r\n#4\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u533a\r\ntimedatectl set-timezone Asia\/Shanghai  # \u53ef\u4ee5tab\u952e\u8865\u5168\u65f6\u533a\r\n\r\n#5\u3001\u5c06\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u949f\u4e00\u81f4\uff08\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u6301\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8ba9\u786c\u4ef6rtc\u4e0eutc\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff09\r\ntimedatectl set-local-rtc 1 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a1\u4ee3\u8868\u8ba9rtc\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u8bfb\u53d6\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u533a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0\u4ee3\u8868\u8bfb\u53d6utc\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0\r\n\r\n#6\u3001\u662f\u5426NTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540c\u6b65\r\ntimedatectl set-ntp yes # yes\u6216\u8005no<\/pre>\n<div  class='collapse-block shadow-sm collapse-block-transparent collapsed hide-border-left'><div class='collapse-block-title'><span class='collapse-block-title-inner'>timedatectl set-local-rtc 1\u62a5\u7684warning\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><i class='collapse-icon fa fa-angle-down'><\/i><\/div><div class='collapse-block-body' style='display:none;'><\/p>\n<pre class=\"code\"> \u5148\u8bf4\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5efa\u8bae\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f1\r\n\r\nWarning: The system is configured to read the RTC time in the local time zone. \r\nThis mode cannot be fully supported. It will create various problems with time zone changes and \r\ndaylight saving time adjustments. The RTC time is never updated, it relies on external facilities \r\nto maintain it. If at all possible, use RTC in UTC by calling 'timedatectl set-local-rtc 0'.\r\n\r\n\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edfRTC\uff08Real-Time Clock\uff0c\u5373\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\uff09\u88ab\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8bfb\u53d6\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u533a\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\r\n\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u65f6\u533a\u6539\u53d8\u548c\u590f\u4ee4\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\r\n\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7ef4\u6301\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\r\n\u5f53\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u533a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4f60\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5f53\u5730\u8fdb\u5165 \/ \u79bb\u5f00\u590f\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u51c6\u786e\u4e86\u3002\r\n\u8fd9\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b49\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u95ee\u9898\u3002\r\n\u5728\u8b66\u544a\u4e2d\u4e5f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u4f7f\u7528UTC\u4f5c\u4e3aRTC\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\r\n\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4 timedatectl set-local-rtc 0 \u6765\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5c06RTC\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aUTC\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='collapse-block shadow-sm collapse-block-transparent collapsed hide-border-left'><div class='collapse-block-title'><span class='collapse-block-title-inner'>\u65f6\u95f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/span><i class='collapse-icon fa fa-angle-down'><\/i><\/div><div class='collapse-block-body' style='display:none;'>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u6025\uff0c\u5728\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8010\u5fc3\u7b49\u4e00\u7b49\uff0c5-10\u5206\u949f\u5c31ok<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8981\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u7528ntp\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u5c06Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0bNTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0cps\uff1acentos7\u7528chrony\u66ff\u6362ntp\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u6682\u4f5c\u4e86\u89e3\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/linhaifeng\/articles\/15160433.html<\/p>\n<p>NTP\u5373Network Time Protocol\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u95f4\u534f\u8bae\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u6b65\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u3002timedatectl\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\u4f60\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u5230\u4f7f\u7528NTP\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<br \/>\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5NTP\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0eNTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528ntpdate\u547d\u4ee4\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u518d\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f<br \/>\nntpdate\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4f7f\u7528NTP\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002NTP=Network Time Protocol \u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u95f4\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p># \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<br \/>\n1\u3001\u5fc5\u987b\u6709 root \u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n2\u3001\u5982\u679cNTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b88\u62a4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u62d2\u7eddntpdate\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u671f<br \/>\n3\u3001\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u540e\u671f\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230<\/p>\n<p># ps: \u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e867\u4e2aNTP\u65f6\u95f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fInternet\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740<br \/>\nntp1.aliyun.com<br \/>\nntp2.aliyun.com<br \/>\nntp3.aliyun.com<br \/>\nntp4.aliyun.com<br \/>\nntp5.aliyun.com<br \/>\nntp6.aliyun.com<br \/>\nntp7.aliyun.com<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u5f00\u59cb\u81ea\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0bNTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u952e\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n# timedatectl set-ntp true<br \/>\n\u8981\u7981\u7528NTP\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u952e\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n# timedatectl set-ntp false<\/p>\n<p>centos7.9\u3001rockylinux9.3\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u7528chrony\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u539f\u7406\u5982\u4e0b<br \/>\n<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/image-1710515986869.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/image-1710515986869.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/div><br \/>\nrockylinux\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u7528chrony\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/p>\n<pre><code># 1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\r\nyum -y install chrony \r\n# 2\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u62c9\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\r\nsystemctl restart chronyd.service\r\nsystemctl enable chronyd.service\r\nsystemctl status chronyd.service\r\n# 2\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u540c\u6b65\u60c5\u51b5\r\nchronyc sources -v  # MS\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u4e24\u5217\uff0c^*\u6240\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u8ddf\u54ea\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/image-1710516033787.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/image-1710516033787.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">shutdown -r 10 \/\/ 10\u5206\u949f\u540e\u91cd\u542f\r\nshutdown -r 0 \/\/ \u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u542f\r\nshutdown -r now \/\/ \u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u542f\r\nshutdown -r 11:30 \/\/ \u5b9a\u70b9\u91cd\u542f\r\ninit 6 \/\/ \u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u542f\r\nreboot \/\/ \u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u542f<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">shutdown -h 10 \/\/ 10\u5206\u949f\u540e\u5173\u673a\r\nshutdown -h 0 \/\/ \u7acb\u523b\u5173\u673a\r\nshutdown -h now \/\/ \u7acb\u523b\u5173\u673a\r\nshutdown -h 11:30 \/\/ \u5b9a\u70b9\u5173\u673a\r\nhalt \/\/ \u7acb\u5373\u505c\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u5173\u95ed\u7535\u6e90\r\npoweroff \/\/ \u7acb\u5373\u505c\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5173\u95ed\u7535\u6e90<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53d6\u6d88\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5173\u673a\u6216\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n<pre><code>showdown -c<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6ce8\u9500\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u8d26\u53f7<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">exit\r\nlogout\r\nctrl+d<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u521d\u8bc6shell\u4e4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u7840 \u4e00 shell\u4ecb\u7ecd Shell \u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\u8d1d\u58f3\uff0c\u5bd3\u610f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u58f3\u3002Shell\u662f\u6307\u4e00 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":166,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[25],"tags":[21,19,35,22,20],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=165"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10308,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions\/10308"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}