{"id":223,"date":"2021-07-28T13:11:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T05:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=223"},"modified":"2024-04-26T12:42:38","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T04:42:38","slug":"%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=223","title":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<h1>\u4e00 \u7f51\u5361\u540d\u5b57<\/h1>\n<p>\u7f51\u5361\u540d\u79f0\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">#1\u3001\u4f20\u7edf\u547d\u540d\r\nCentOS6\u4e4b\u524d\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\uff1aeth1\uff0ceth0....\r\n\r\n#2\u3001\u53ef\u9884\u77e5\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6848\r\nCentos7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fa\u4ef6\u3001\u62d3\u6251\u3001\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u5206\u914d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u547d\u540d\u662f\u5168\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u9884\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u6bd4eth0\u66f4\u96be\u8bfb\u3002\u6bd4\u5982ens33\r\n\r\n\u53ef\u9884\u77e5\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6848\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\r\n\u2460\u5982\u679cFireware\u6216BIOS\u4e3a\u4e3b\u677f\u4e0a\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d22\u5f15\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u7d22\u5f15\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5982\uff1aeno1, eno2, ...\r\n\u2461\u5982\u679cFireware\u6216BIOS\u4e3aPCI-E\u6269\u5c55\u69fd\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5219\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u7d22\u5f15\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5982ens1, ens2, ...\r\n\u2462\u5982\u679c\u786c\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5982enp2s0, ...\r\n\u2463\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u663e\u793a\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u6839\u636eMAC\u5730\u5740\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aenx122161ab212\r\n#\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5747\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u4ecd\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\uff1b\r\n\r\n\u53ef\u9884\u77e5\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5982\u672c\u673a\u7f51\u5361\u540d\u4e3aens33\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\r\nen\uff1aethernet\r\nwl\uff1awlan     #\u65e0\u7ebf\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\r\nww\uff1awwan     #\u65e0\u7ebf\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\r\n\r\n\u540d\u79f0\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\r\no&lt;index&gt;         #\u96c6\u6210\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u7d22\u5f15\u53f7\uff1b\r\ns&lt;slot&gt;          #\u6269\u5c55\u69fd\u5bf9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u53f7\uff1b\r\nx&lt;MAC&gt;           #\u57fa\u4e8eMAC\u5730\u5740\u7684\u547d\u540d\uff1b\r\np&lt;bus&gt;s&lt;slot&gt;    #\u57fa\u4e8e\u603b\u7ebf\u53ca\u69fd\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u540d\uff1b<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7f51\u5361\u547d\u540d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u89c4\u52191\uff1a\u5982\u679cFirmware\u6216\u8005BIOS\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u7d22\u5f15\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u7528\u5c31\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u540d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982eno1\u3002\u5426\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u52192\r\n\r\n\u89c4\u52192\uff1a\u5982\u679cFirmware\u6216Bios\u7684PCI-E\u6269\u5c55\u63d2\u69fd\u53ef\u7528\u5c31\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u540d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982ens1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u52193\r\n\r\n\u89c4\u52193\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u786c\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u7528\u5c31\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u540d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982enp2s0\r\n\r\n\u89c4\u52194\uff1a\u6839\u636eMAC\u5730\u5740\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982enx7d3e9f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u5f00\u542f\u3002\r\n\r\n\u89c4\u52195\uff1a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5747\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\u56de\u5f52\u4f20\u7edf\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\r\n\r\n\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\uff1abiosdevname\r\n\r\nbiosdevname\u548cnet.ifnames\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\r\n\r\nCentOS-7\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4biosdevname\u7684\u503c\u4e3a0\uff0cnet.ifnames\u7684\u503c\u4e3a1\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u56de\u5f52\u4f20\u7edf\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">#\u4fee\u6539\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\r\n[root@egon ~]# cd \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/\r\n[root@egon ~]# mv ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-eth0\r\n\r\n#\u4fee\u6539\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0\r\n[root@egon ~]# sed -i \"s#ens33#eth0#g\" ifcfg-eth0\r\n\r\n##GRUB\u6dfb\u52a0kernel\u53c2\u6570\r\n[root@egon ~]# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/grub\r\nGRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"rhgb quiet 'net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'\"\r\n\r\n#\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5f15\u5bfc\u5206\u533a\r\n[root@egon ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o \/boot\/grub2\/grub.cfg\r\n\r\n#\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u6548\r\n[root@egon ~]# reboot<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1>\u4e8c \u57fa\u672c\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e<\/h1>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u5361\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5361\r\n[root@egon ~]# lspci |grep -i ethernet\r\n\r\n# \u786e\u8ba4\u7f51\u7ebf\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fde\u63a5\u597d\uff0c\u4ee5eth0 \u4e3a\u4f8b\r\n[root@egon ~]# mii-tool eth0  # \u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u6709net-tools\u624d\u80fd\u7528\r\neth0:negotiated 1000baseT-FD flow-control,link ok # link ok\u7f51\u5361\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63a5\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7f51\u7ebf\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# mii-tool eth1\r\nSIOCGMIIPHY on 'eth1' failed: Invalid argument\r\n\u7f51\u5361\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\uff08\u7f51\u5361\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u9a71\u52a8\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\uff1a\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7f51\u7ebf\u6ca1\u63a5\u7b49\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>ifconfig\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">1\u3001ifconfig -a \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u5361\u4fe1\u606f(\u5305\u62ec\u672a\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u7f51\u5361)\r\n2\u3001ifconfig eth0 \u67e5\u770b\u5355\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u4fe1\u606f\r\n3\u3001ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.122 netmask 255.255.255.0 \u4e34\u65f6\u8bbe\u5b9aIP\u548c\u63a9\u7801\uff08\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u8005\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5931\u6548\uff09\r\n4\u3001ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.122\/24 \r\n\r\n5\u3001ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 \u914d\u7f6e\u5b50\u63a5\u53e3\r\n# \u5220\u9664\uff1a\u4e0b\u8ff0\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\r\nifconfig eth0:0 down\r\nifconfig eth0:1 del 192.168.0.2  # \u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u52a0\u63a9\u7801\r\n\r\n6\u3001\u5f00\u542f\u4e0e\u5173\u95ed\r\nifconfig eth0 down|up  # \u4e0d\u52a0\u8f7d\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\r\nifdown eth0 |ifup eth0  # \u52a0\u8f7d\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6-centos7.9\u5e26\r\n\r\n7\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f51\u5361\u6700\u5927\u4f20\u8f93\u5355\u5143\r\nifconfig eth0 mtu 1500\r\n\r\n8\u3001\u5f00\u542f\u5173\u95ed\u6a21\u5f0f(\u4e86\u89e3)\r\n\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u7e41\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Promiscuous mode\uff09\u548c\u591a\u64ad\uff08Multicast\uff09\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u4e24\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\r\n1.\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u7e41\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f51\u5361\u53ea\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\u53d1\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1MAC\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e27\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e22\u5f03\u3002\r\n\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u7e41\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u5361\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e27\uff0c\r\n\u65e0\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u7684\u76ee\u6807MAC\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff0c\r\n\u4f8b\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u542c\uff08sniffing\uff09\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\r\n2.\u591a\u64ad\uff1a\u591a\u64ad\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\r\n\u4f46\u53c8\u4e0d\u50cf\u5e7f\u64ad\u90a3\u6837\u5411\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u591a\u64ad\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\uff08224.0.0.0\u5230239.255.255.255\uff09\u548c\r\nMAC\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6765\u6807\u793a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5f53\u53d1\u9001\u8282\u70b9\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\r\n\u53ea\u6709\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u672a\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5219\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u3002\r\n\u591a\u64ad\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5229\u7528\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\r\n\u4f8b\u5982\u89c6\u9891\u76f4\u64ad\u548c\u5728\u7ebf\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u591a\u64ad\u6280\u672f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\r\n\r\nifconfig eth0 promisc  # \u5f00\u542f\u7e41\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\r\nifconfig eth0 -promisc  # \u5173\u95ed\u7e41\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\r\n\r\nifconfig ens33 multicast  # \u5f00\u542f\u591a\u64ad\r\nifconfig ens33 -multicast  # \u5173\u95ed\u591a\u64ad\r\n\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907ens33\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u63a5\u6536\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e0eens33\u5173\u8054\u7684\u591a\u64adIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\r\n\u53ea\u8981\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48ens33\u5c31\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u3002\r\n\r\nifconfig eth0 allmulti  # \u5f00\u542f\r\nifconfig eth0 -allmulti  # \u5173\u95ed\r\n\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u7528\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907eth0\u4e0a\u7684\u5168\u591a\u64ad\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5168\u591a\u64ad\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u6307\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u6536\u6240\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\uff0c\r\n\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba2\u9605\u7684\u6d41\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u63a5\u6536\u6240\u6709\u591a\u64ad\u6d41\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\r\n\u4f8b\u5982\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\r\n\r\n9\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664ipv6\u5730\u5740\r\nifconfig eth0 add 3ffe:3240:800:1005::2\/64\r\nifconfig eth0 del 3ffe:3240:800:1005::2\/64<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>ifconf\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u91ca<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# ifconfig ens33\r\nens33: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n         # \u4eceflags\u53ef\u77e5\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u5df2\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5e7f\u64ad\u3001\u7ec4\u64ad\uff0cMTU:1500\uff08\u6700\u5927\u4f20\u8f93\u5355\u5143\uff09\uff1a1500\u5b57\u8282\r\n         # \u5176\u4ed6\u4e86\u89e3\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a\r\n         \/\/ UP\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u201c\u63a5\u53e3\u5df2\u542f\u7528\u201d\u3002\r\n         \/\/ BROADCAST \uff1a\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e3b\u673a\u652f\u6301\u5e7f\u64ad\u201d\u3002\r\n         \/\/ RUNNING\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u201c\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u201d\u3002\r\n         \/\/ MULTICAST\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e3b\u673a\u652f\u6301\u591a\u64ad\u201d\u3002\r\n         \/\/ \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u7e41\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/linhaifeng\/articles\/13949611.html\r\n\r\n        inet 192.168.12.42  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.12.255\r\n        # IPv4\u5730\u5740           \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801               \u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\r\n\r\n        inet6 fe80::499e:c2c1:f5ed:3900  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        # IPv6\u5730\u5740                        \u63a9\u7801\u957f\u5ea6       \u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff0clink\u8868\u793a\u4ec5\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u6709\u6548\r\n\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:86:f8:59  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        #\u7f51\u5361\u63a5\u53e3\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740         \u4f20\u8f93\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6       \u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aEthernet\r\n\r\n        RX packets 5708  bytes 1061424 (1.0 MiB)\r\n        # \u8868\u793a\u5f00\u673a\u540e\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u7d2f\u79ef\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u603b\u5b57\u8282\u6570\r\n\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 833  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        # \u8868\u793a\u5f00\u673a\u540e\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u7d2f\u79ef\u63a5\u6536\u62a5\u6587\u9519\u8bef\u6570\uff0c\u4e22\u5f03\u6570\uff0c\u6ea2\u51fa\u6570\uff08\u7531\u4e8e\u901f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5feb\u800c\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5e27\u6570\r\n\r\n        TX packets 102  bytes 16768 (16.3 KiB)\r\n        # \u8868\u793a\u5f00\u673a\u540e\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u7d2f\u79ef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u603b\u5b57\u8282\u6570\r\n\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n        # \u8868\u793a\u5f00\u673a\u540e\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u7d2f\u79ef\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587\u9519\u8bef\u6570\uff0c\u4e22\u5f03\u6570\uff0c\u6ea2\u51fa\u6570\uff08\u7531\u4e8e\u901f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5feb\u800c\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6570\uff09\uff0c\r\n        # carrier \u8f7d\u8377\u6570(\u53d1\u751fcarrier\u9519\u8bef\u800c\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6570)\r\n        # collisions \u51b2\u7a81\u6570<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>ethtool\u89e3\u51b3\u7f51\u5361\u4e22\u5305\u4e25\u91cd\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<p>\u50a8\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># 1\u3001\u50a8\u5907\u77e5\u8bc61: linux\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\r\n\u4e2d\u65ad\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6253\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\r\n\u4e2d\u65ad\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\r\n\u8be6\u89c1\u535a\u5ba2:https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/linhaifeng\/articles\/13916102.html\r\n\r\n# 2\u3001\u50a8\u5907\u77e5\u8bc62\uff1a\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u4e0e\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7f51\u5361\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u91c7\u7528\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u6a21\u5f0f\r\n\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u4f20\u8f93\u82f1\u6587\u5199\u6cd5\u662f:Full\uff0dDuplex Transmissions\r\n\u662f\u6307\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u540c\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u597d\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u5e73\u65f6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u542c\u5230\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u3002\r\n\r\n\u73b0\u4ee3\u591a\u6570\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5982\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u7b49\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u652f\u6301\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901f\u7387\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\r\n\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662f\u3010\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u3011\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5:\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u5185\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4e3e\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4e00\u5929\u7a84\u7a84\u7684\u9a6c\u8def\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u8f86\u8f66\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f53\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u4e24\u91cf\u8f66\u5bf9\u5f00\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u4e00\u8f86\u5148\u8fc7\uff0c\u7b49\u5230\u5934\u513f\u540e\u53e6\u4e00\u8f86\u518d\u5f00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5bf9\u8bb2\u673a\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e9\u671f\u96c6\u7ebf\u5668\u7b49\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u662f\u5b9e\u884c\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u9000\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u821e\u53f0\u3002\r\n\/\/ \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u4e0e\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/linhaifeng\/articles\/13949762.html\r\n\r\n# 3\u3001\u50a8\u5907\u77e5\u8bc63\uff1aCRC   \r\nCRC\u5373\u5faa\u73af\u5197\u4f59\u6821\u9a8c\u7801\uff08Cyclic Redundancy Check\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u6570\u636e\u901a\u4fe1\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u67e5\u9519\u6821\u9a8c\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u6821\u9a8c\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u9009\u5b9a\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u5197\u4f59\u68c0\u67e5\uff08CRC\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u68c0\u9519\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u9879\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u9644\u5728\u5e27\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u8bbe\u5907\u4e5f\u6267\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\r\n\r\nCRC\uff0c\u5168\u79f0\u5faa\u73af\u5197\u4f59\u6821\u9a8c\uff08Cyclic Redundancy Check\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\r\n\u7f51\u5361\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e27\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2aCRC\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2aCRC\u503c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u6765\u7684\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8ba1\u7b97CRC\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06CRC\u503c\u9644\u52a0\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u3002\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5219\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u7684CRC\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684CRC\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2aCRC\u503c\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u3002\r\n\r\n\u7f51\u5361\u8fdb\u884cCRC\u6821\u9a8c\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u6b65\uff1a\r\n1\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7f51\u5361\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884cCRC\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2aCRC\u503c\u3002\r\n2\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u9644\u52a0CRC\u503c\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u51fa\u3002\r\n3\u3001\u5f53\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7f51\u5361\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bf9\u9664CRC\u503c\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884cCRC\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684CRC\u503c\u3002\r\n4\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7f51\u5361\u4f1a\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7684\u65b0CRC\u503c\uff0c\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c3e\u90e8\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684CRC\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u81f4\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b64\u6570\u636e\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u3002\r\n\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7f51\u5361\u7684CRC\u6821\u9a8c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u867d\u7136CRC\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/linhaifeng\/articles\/13949806.html\r\n\r\n# 4\u3001\u50a8\u5907\u77e5\u8bc64\uff1a\u61c2\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684CRC\u6821\u9a8c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4e0b\u7f51\u5361\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u660e\u6717\u4e86\r\n\u7f51\u5361\u53d1\u5305\uff1a\r\n    1\u3001ip\u5305+14\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684mac\u5934\u53d8\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e27frame\r\n    2\u3001frame\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u7f51\u5361\u82af\u7247\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u7531\u7f51\u5361\u5904\u7406\r\n    3\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u82af\u7247\u4e3aframe\u6dfb\u52a0\u5934\u90e8\u540c\u6b65\u4fe1\u606f\u548cCRC\u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u7684packet\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u8be5packet\r\n\u7f51\u5361\u6536\u5305\uff1a\r\n    1\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5305packet\u5230\u8fbe\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u7f51\u5361\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u5305packet\u7684CRC\u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53bb\u6389\u5b83\u7684\u5934\u5f97\u5230frame\r\n    2\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u5c06frame\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u7f51\u5361\u5185\u90e8\u7684FIFO\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\r\n    3\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ea7\u751f\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u628aframe\u4ece\u7f51\u5361\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5185\u6838\u5904\u7406\r\n\r\n\u7f51\u5361\u4e22\u5305\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n    \u5185\u6838\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n    \u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u63a5\u6536\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u76f8\u6bd4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u8981\u5c0f\u5f97\u591a\u3002\r\n    \u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u62f7\u8d1d\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u9020\u6210\u7f51\u5361FIFO\u7f13\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa - \u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5360\u6ee1\u4e86\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5305\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u662fifconfig\u91cc\u7684overrun\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u7f51\u5361\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a\r\nhttps:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/linhaifeng\/articles\/13949943.html<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e22\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u4e22\u5305\u6392\u67e5\r\n\u7f51\u5361\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c\u4f1a\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u5e27\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6821\u9a8c\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4f20\u8f93\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u592a\u5c0f\u4e22\u5305\u3002\r\n\r\n# 1 \u5148\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u4ef6\u60c5\u51b5\r\n\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7ecf\u5e38\u6536\u5230\u4e22\u5305\u7684\u62a5\u8b66\uff0c\u5148\u770b\u770b\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898:\r\n# 1.1 \u67e5\u770b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\r\n[root@egon ~]# ethtool ens33 | egrep 'Speed|Duplex'\r\n    Speed: 1000Mb\/s\r\n    Duplex: Full # \u5168\u53cc\u5de5\r\n\r\n# 1.2 \u67e5\u770bCRC\u6821\u9a8c\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38     \r\n[root@egon ~]# ethtool -S ens33 | grep crc # crc\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u5927\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\r\n     rx_crc_errors: 0\r\n\r\n-----------Speed\uff0cDuplex\uff0cCRC \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u90fd\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5e72\u6270----------\r\n\r\n# 2 \u901a\u8fc7 ifconfig \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 overruns \u662f\u5426\u4e00\u76f4\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u589e\u5927\r\nfor i in `seq 1 100`; do ifconfig ens33 | grep RX | grep overruns; sleep 1; done\r\n\r\n# 3 \u8c03\u6574\u7f51\u5361\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\r\n[root@egon ~]# ethtool -g ens33\r\nRing parameters for ens33:\r\nPre-set maximums:  # \u6700\u5927\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u503c\r\nRX:     4096\r\nRX Mini:    0\r\nRX Jumbo:   0\r\nTX:     4096\r\nCurrent hardware settings:  # \u5f53\u524d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u503c\r\nRX:     256\r\nRX Mini:    0\r\nRX Jumbo:   0\r\nTX:     256\r\n[root@egon ~]# ethtool -G ens33 rx 2048  # \u8c03\u5927\r\n[root@egon ~]# ethtool -G ens33 tx 2048  # \u8c03\u5927\r\n[root@egon ~]# \r\n[root@egon ~]# ethtool -g ens33\r\nRing parameters for ens33:\r\nPre-set maximums:\r\nRX:     4096\r\nRX Mini:    0\r\nRX Jumbo:   0\r\nTX:     4096\r\nCurrent hardware settings:\r\nRX:     2048\r\nRX Mini:    0\r\nRX Jumbo:   0\r\nTX:     2048\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]#<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>ethtool\u7f51\u5361\u964d\u901f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# ethtool -s ens33 speed 100 duplex full\r\n[root@egon ~]# ethtool -s ens33 speed 100 duplex full autoneg off  # \u5173\u95ed\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u624d\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u529f\r\n[root@egon ~]# ethtool ens33  # \u67e5\u770b\r\n\r\n\u82e5\u60f3\u5b8c\u6210\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0ethtool\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5199\u5165\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\r\n\u7136\u540e\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2ax\u6743\u9650\r\n[root@egon ~]# chmod +x \/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>ping\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">ping \u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740  # ctrl+c\u7ed3\u675f \u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u5426\u4e24\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u5426\u901a\r\nping -c \u6b21\u6570 \u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\r\n\r\n# \u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5219\u7981\u7528\u522b\u4ebaping\u81ea\u5df1\r\n[root@egon ~]# echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/icmp_echo_ignore_all <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>NetworkManager\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177nmcli\uff0c\u8981\u6c42NetworkManager\u5fc5\u987b\u5f00\u542f\u65f6nmcli\u624d\u80fd\u7528\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">network\u670d\u52a1\u548cNetworkManager\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\r\n1\u3001network\u670d\u52a1\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684Linux\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528network\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\r\n\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91\/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684ifcfg\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\r\nnetwork\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002network\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\uff0c\r\n\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u3002\r\n\r\n2\u3001NetworkManager\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\r\n\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u684c\u9762\u73af\u5883\u3002NetworkManager\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u548cVPN\u7b49\uff0c\r\n\u5e76\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\r\n\r\n3\u3001\u4f46\u662f\u5728CentOS 9\u4e2d\uff0cNetworkManager\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800cnetwork\u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u3002\r\n\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528NetworkManager\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u76f8\u6bd4\u65e9\u671f\u7684CentOS\u7248\u672c\uff0c\r\n\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u7684\u684c\u9762\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\u3002\r\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u719f\u6089\u65b0\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\r\n\r\ncenetos7.9\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u95ed\u6389\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528network\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u5728centos9\u4e2d\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u7528NetworkManager\r\n[root@egon ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager\r\n[root@egon ~]# systemctl disable NetworkManager<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>centos7.9<\/h2>\n<p>centos7.9\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528network\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5173\u6389 NetworkManager\uff0c\u4e0enetwork\u670d\u52a1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1\u3001\/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-ethX \u7f51\u5361\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u9759\u6001ip\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5373\u53ef\uff1asystemctl restart network\r\nDEVICE=eth0 \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000&lt;-- \u7f51\u5361\u540d\u5b57\r\nBOOTPROTO=static \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000  &lt;---- dhcp \u52a8\u6001\u83b7\u53d6IP\r\n                      &lt;---- none \u6839\u636e\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879\u51b3\u5b9a\u52a8\u6001\u8fd8\u662f\u9759\u6001\r\n                      &lt;---- static\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u624b\u5de5\u6307\u5b9aIP\r\nNM_CONTROLLED=no          &lt;---\u5982\u679cNetworkManager\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u8be5\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d7\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\r\nONBOOT=yes \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000&lt;---- \u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cyes\u4ee3\u8868\u6fc0\u6d3b\u72b6\u6001 \uff0c no \u4ee3\u8868\u7981\u7528\r\nTYPE=Ethernet\r\nIPADDR=10.1.1.11 \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000   &lt;-- IP \u5730\u5740\r\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0     &lt;-- \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\r\nGATEWAY=10.1.1.1          &lt;-- \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\r\nDNS1=10.1.1.1             &lt;-- DNS1 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\r\nDNS2=8.8.8.8              &lt;-- DNS2 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\r\nHWADDR=14:da:e9:eb:a9:61  &lt;---MAC\u5730\u5740\r\nUSERCTL=no \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000  &lt;---\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u542f\u52a8\u6216\u8005\u505c\u6b62\u8be5\u7f51\u5361\r\nIPV6INIT=no \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000 &lt;---\u662f\u5426\u5728\u8be5\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u542f\u52a8IPV6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\r\nPEERDNS=yes \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000 &lt;---\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u7f51\u5361\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5411DHCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2DNS\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\r\n                      # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3ayes\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684DNS\u5c06\u8986\u76d6\/etc\/resolv.conf\uff0c\r\n                      # \u82e5\u5f00\u542f\u4e86DHCP\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3ayes\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5dhcp\u7684dns\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\/etc\/resolv.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>2\u3001dns\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\n<ul>\n<li>1\uff09\/etc\/resolv.conf DNS\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u4ef6,<br \/>\n[root@egon ~]# cat \/etc\/resolv.conf # \u8bbe\u7f6eDNS\u6307\u5411\uff0c\u6700\u591a3\u4e2a<br \/>\nnameserver 8.8.8.8 # \u5bf9\u5e94\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9879DNS1<br \/>\nnameserver 192.168.12.1 # \u5bf9\u5e94\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9879DNS2<\/li>\n<li>2\uff09\/etc\/hosts \u672c\u5730\u540d\u79f0\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u4e8eDNS<br \/>\nps:dns\u68c0\u7d22\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<br \/>\n\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668DNS\u7f13\u5b58-&gt;\u672c\u5730\u7cfb\u7edfDNS\u7f13\u5b58-&gt;\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u673aHOSTS\u6587\u4ef6-&gt;ISP DNS\u7f13\u5b58-&gt;\u9012\u5f52or\u8fed\u4ee3\u641c\u7d22<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #0000ff;\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #0000ff;\">\u5728NetworkManager\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u5728centos7\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528nmcli\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5c31\u662f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #0000ff;\">\/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #0000ff;\">\u800c\u5728centos9\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5219\u662f\/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\/\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>centos9<\/h2>\n<p>centos9\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528NetworkManager\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4e0e\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n\u8be6\u89c1\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/rockylinux.cn\/notes\/rocky-linux-9-network-configuration.html\">https:\/\/rockylinux.cn\/notes\/rocky-linux-9-network-configuration.html<\/a><br \/>\n\u76f4\u63a5\u8bf4\u91cd\u70b9\uff1a\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9759\u6001ip\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf<\/p>\n<pre><code>nmcli con mod ens33 ipv4.addresses \"192.168.1.100\/24\"\r\nnmcli con mod ens33 ipv4.gateway \"192.168.1.1\"\r\nnmcli con mod ens33 ipv4.dns \"8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4\"  # \u591a\u4e2adns\r\nnmcli con mod ens33 ipv4.method manual\r\n\r\nnmcli con down ens33\r\nnmcli con up ens33<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8be6\u89e3\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n<pre><code># 1\u3001\u65b0\u589e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5757\u6865\u63a5\u7f51\u5361\r\n\r\n# 2\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u8bbe\u5907\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u521a\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u4e24\u5757\u7f51\u5361\u90fd\u662fdisconnected\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# nmcli  device\r\nDEVICE  TYPE      STATE                   CONNECTION \r\nens160  ethernet  connected               ens160     \r\nlo      loopback  connected (externally)  lo         \r\nens224  ethernet  disconnected            --         \r\nens256  ethernet  disconnected            --   \r\n\r\n# 3\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a'ens224'\u7684\u65b0\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8be5\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff08ifname\uff09\u4e5f\u662f'ens224'\u3002\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# nmcli con add type ethernet con-name ens224 ifname ens224\r\nConnection 'ens224' \uff08xxxx\uff09successfully added.\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# nmcli device\r\nDEVICE  TYPE      STATE                   CONNECTION \r\nens160  ethernet  connected               ens160     \r\nens224  ethernet  connected               ens224     \r\nlo      loopback  connected (externally)  lo         \r\nens256  ethernet  disconnected            --  \r\n\r\n\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e5f\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1anmcli con add type ethernet con-name ens256 ifname ens256\r\n\r\n# 4\u3001\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\r\n[root@rockylinux ~]# ll \/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\r\ntotal 16\r\n-rw-------. 1 root root 229 Mar 15 18:17 ens160.nmconnection\r\n-rw-------. 1 root root 184 Mar 17 15:59 ens224.nmconnection\r\n-rw-------. 1 root root 184 Mar 17 16:01 ens256.nmconnection\r\n\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u97623\u4e2d\u547d\u4ee4\u5219\u4f1a\u91cd\u590d\u521b\u5efa\u5e26uuid\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5220\u6389\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u51b2\u7a81\r\nens224-85d88cca-2cb2-491d-bc7c-7e216c9128cc.nmconnection\r\n\u5220\u6389\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bf7\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\r\nnmcli con delete connection_name\r\n\u4f1a\u5220\u9664 connection_name\u7684\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u603b\u4e4b\u4ee5\u540e\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e0d\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u521b\u5efa\u5c31\u6ca1\u8fd9\u4e48\u9ebb\u70e6\u5566\r\n\r\n# 5\u3001\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u64cd\u4f5cip\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5199\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\r\ncat \/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\/ens224.nmconnection\r\n\r\n# \u914d\u7f6e IPv4 \u5730\u5740\r\n[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify ens224 ipv4.addresses 192.168.11.172\/24\r\n\r\n# \u914d\u7f6e IPv4\u7f51\u5173\r\n[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify ens18 ipv4.gateway 192.168.11.254\r\n\r\n# \u914d\u7f6e IPv4 DNS\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a DNS IP \u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7 + \u7a7a\u683c\r\n[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify ens18 ipv4.dns \"114.114.114.114 223.6.6.6\"\r\n\r\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e DNS \u57fa\u7840\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7 + \u7a7a\u683c\r\n[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify ens18 ipv4.dns-search \"rockylinux.cn rockylinux.org\"\r\n====================================================================================\r\nipv4.dns\u548cipv4.dns-search\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9aDNS\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\r\n1\u3001ipv4.dns\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9aDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\r\n\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u591a\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u9017\u53f7,\u5206\u9694\u3002\r\n2\u3001ipv4.dns-search\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u4f60\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u516c\u53f8\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u65f6\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\u3002\r\n\u641c\u7d22\u57df\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5316DNS\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u53ea\u8f93\u5165\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u57df\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\r\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u9650\u5b9a\u57df\u540d\uff08FQDN\uff09\u662fmycomputer.mydomain.com\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f60\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amydomain.com\uff0c\r\n\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165mycomputer\u5c31\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\r\n\u4f8b\u5982\r\nnmcli con mod con-name ipv4.dns \"8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4\"\r\nnmcli con mod con-name ipv4.dns-search \"mydomain.com\"\r\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86Google\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u56688.8.8.8\u548c8.8.4.4\u4e3a\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u641c\u7d22\u57df\u4e3amydomain.com\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165mycomputer\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u89e3\u6790mycomputer.mydomain.com\u3002\r\n====================================================================================\r\n\r\n# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u83b7\u53d6ip\u4fe1\u606f\u7684method\u4e3aauto\uff0c\u5373DHCP\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u9700\u8981\u6539\u4e3a\u624b\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u4f1a\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4e00\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\r\n[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify ens18 ipv4.method manual\r\n\r\n# \u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0a\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3amanual\uff0c\u5219\u4f60\u6267\u884cup\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0ip\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\r\n[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection down ens18; nmcli connection up ens18\r\n\r\n# \u67e5\u770b\u63a5\u53e3\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\r\n[root@localhost ~]# nmcli device show ens18\r\n\r\n# \u67e5\u770b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u591aIP\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\r\n[root@localhost ~]# cat \/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\/ens18.nmconnection\r\n[connection]\r\nid=ens18\r\nuuid=7f49fd62-02d9-323e-8f35-0c8249647a74\r\ntype=ethernet\r\nautoconnect-priority=-999\r\ninterface-name=ens18\r\ntimestamp=1669365850\r\n\r\n[ethernet]\r\n\r\n[ipv4]\r\naddress1=192.168.11.172\/24,192.168.11.254  # \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aip\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u662fip\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7f51\u5173\r\n# address2=192.168.11.145\/24,192.168.11.254 # \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2aip\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u540c\u4e0a\r\ndns=114.114.114.114;223.6.6.6;\r\ndns-search=rockylinux.cn;rockylinux.org;\r\nmethod=manual\r\n\r\n[ipv6]\r\naddr-gen-mode=eui64\r\nmethod=disabled\r\n\r\n[proxy]\r\n\r\n# \u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\r\n[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection\r\nNAME   UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE \r\nens18  7f49fd62-02d9-323e-8f35-0c8249647a74  ethernet  ens18  \r\n\r\n# \u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\r\n[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManager\r\n[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status NetworkManager\r\n\u25cf NetworkManager.service - Network Manager\r\n     Loaded: loaded (\/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/NetworkManager.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)\r\n     Active: active (running) since Fri 2022-11-25 03:52:19 EST; 5s ago\r\n       Docs: man:NetworkManager(8)\r\n   Main PID: 2002 (NetworkManager)\r\n      Tasks: 4 (limit: 48930)\r\n     Memory: 2.9M\r\n        CPU: 105ms\r\n     CGroup: \/system. slice\/NetworkManager. service\r\n             \u2514\u25002002 \/usr\/sbin\/NetworkManager --no-daemon<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname egon.xxx.com\r\n[root@egon ~]# hostname\r\negon.xxx.com\r\n[root@egon ~]# \r\n[root@egon ~]# cat \/etc\/hostname \r\negon.xxx.com<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# grep '^ftp\\|^ssh' \/etc\/services <\/code><\/pre>\n<h1>\u4e09 \u8def\u7531route<\/h1>\n<h2>3.1 \u4ea4\u6362\u4e0e\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u4ea4\u6362<\/strong>: \u6307\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4e24\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u8fde\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u4e0d\u540cip\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc5 (\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e09\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362).<\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/\u4ea4\u6362.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/\u4ea4\u6362.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8def\u7531<\/strong>: \u6307\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/\u8def\u7531.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/\u8def\u7531.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<h2>3.2 Linux\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>\u200b \u5728\u89e3\u91caLinux\u8def\u7531\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u56e0\u6b64\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u8def\u7531\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u7406\u6e05\u8def\u7531\u548c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u200b linux\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe<\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/network.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/network.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u5411\u5916\u754c\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u4ece\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u5165\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b83\u505a\u8def\u7531\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u6d41\u5165\u672c\u673a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># 1\u3001\u5982\u679c\u662f\u6d41\u5165\u672c\u673a\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\r\n\u5219\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u5165\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4(\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a5\u6536\u5e76\u5904\u7406)\uff1b\r\n\u6b64\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u672c\u673a\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5bf9\u5916\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u90a3\u4fbf\u4e0d\u518d\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u51fa\u6570\u636e\uff1b\r\n\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u672c\u673a\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5bf9\u5916\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u90a3\u4fbf\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u51fa\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6d41\u51fa\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u505a\u8def\u7531\u51b3\u7b56\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u51fa\u3002\r\n\r\n# 2\u3001\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u6d41\u5165\u672c\u673a\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u7ecf\u7531\u672c\u673a\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a\r\n\u5219\u5fc5\u7136\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u51fa\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u6d41\u5165\u7f51\u5361\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u6d41\u51fa\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u8fd9\u8981\u6c42Linux\u4e3b\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u4f46Linux\u4e3b\u673a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u672a\u5f00\u542fip_forward\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f6c\u53d1\u800c\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002\r\n\r\nps\uff1aLinux\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u5361\u95f4\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u800cLinux\u4e3b\u673a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u5f00\u542flinux\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e34\u65f6\u5f00\u542flinux\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5219\u5931\u6548<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u65b9\u5f0f1\uff1a\r\necho 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward\r\n\r\n# \u65b9\u5f0f2\uff1a\r\nsysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u82e5\u8981\u6c38\u4e45\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u8be5\u5199\u5165\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5728CentOS 6\u4e2d:\r\n\u5c06\/etc\/sysctl.conf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\"net.ipv4.ip_forward\"\u503c\u6539\u4e3a1\u5373\u53ef\r\n\r\n#\u5728CentOS 7\u4e2d:\r\nsystemd\u7ba1\u7406\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0csysctl\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u5206\u5316\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\/etc\/sysctl.conf\u3001\/etc\/sysctl.d\/*.conf\u548c\/usr\/lib\/sysctl.d\/*.conf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709net.ipv4.ip_forward\u9879\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u6b64\u9879\u5199\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5199\u5728\/etc\/sysctl.d\/*.conf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662fsystemd\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5185\u6838\u4fee\u6539\u9879\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\r\n\r\necho \"net.ipv4.ip_forward=1\" &gt; \/etc\/sysctl.d\/ip_forward.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward\r\n[root@egon ~]# cat \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward\r\n[root@egon ~]# sysctl -a | grep ip_forward<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\uff01\uff01\uff01\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u672c\u673a\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u5f53\u6210\u7f51\u5173\u5e76\u4e14\u672c\u673a\u5f00\u542f\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u624d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u8bb0\u4f4f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\uff01\uff01\uff01\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u672c\u673a\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u5f53\u6210\u7f51\u5173\u5e76\u4e14\u672c\u673a\u5f00\u542f\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u624d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u8bb0\u4f4f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\uff01\uff01\uff01\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u672c\u673a\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u5f53\u6210\u7f51\u5173\u5e76\u4e14\u672c\u673a\u5f00\u542f\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u624d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u8bb0\u4f4f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\uff01\uff01\uff01\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u672c\u673a\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u5f53\u6210\u7f51\u5173\u5e76\u4e14\u672c\u673a\u5f00\u542f\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u624d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u8bb0\u4f4f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\uff01\uff01\uff01\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u672c\u673a\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u5f53\u6210\u7f51\u5173\u5e76\u4e14\u672c\u673a\u5f00\u542f\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u624d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u8bb0\u4f4f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679cLinux\u4e3b\u673a\u6709\u591a\u5757\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5f00\u542f\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u5361\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e92\u901a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u673a1&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-\u300beth0 \u4e3b\u673a2 etht1\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014&gt;\u4e3b\u673a3<\/p>\n<p>172.16.10.11\/24 172.16.10.12\/24 192.168.100.12\/24 192.168.100.11\/24<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5230\u8fbe\u8be5Linux\u4e3b\u673a2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65e0\u6cd5\u4eceeth0\u4ea4\u7ed9eth1\u6216\u8005\u4eceeth1\u4ea4\u7ed9eth0\uff0c\u9664\u975eLinux\u4e3b\u673a\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0cIP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u7684(\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6574\u4e2atcp\/ip\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7)\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u548c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u542f\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\u524d\u63d0\u672c\u673a\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\u4e3b\u673a1\u4e0a\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e3b\u673a2\u7684172.16.10.24\/24<br \/>\n\u4e3b\u673a1\u4e0a\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u6761\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740172.16.10.24\/24\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f<span style=\"background-color: #0000ff;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u90fd\u884c<\/span>\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8def\u7531\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u4e0a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u80fd\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u5c31\u884c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762\u53d1\u73b0\u672c\u673a\u5339\u914d\u4e0d\u5230\u8def\u7531\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u672c\u673a\u5c31\u628a\u5305\u6254\u4e86<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u4e3b\u673a1----------------------\u300beth0                        \u4e3b\u673a2              etht1\r\n\r\n192.168.12.46\/24          192.168.12.42\/24                         172.16.10.24\/24<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u6848\u4f8b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u4e3b\u673a2\u6709\u4e24\u7f51\u5361\r\neth0:192.168.12.42\r\neth1:172.16.10.24\r\n\r\n\u4e3b\u673a1\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a2\u7684eth0\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u91cc\r\nip\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\uff1a192.168.12.46\r\n\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u5411\uff1a192.168.12.42\uff0c\r\n\u82e5\u4e3b\u673a1\u6267\u884cping 172.16.10.24\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\u901a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5730\u5740\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u4ece\u4e3b\u673a2\u7684ens33\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88ab\u5185\u6838\u5206\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u672c\u673a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u56de\u5e94192.168.12.46\uff0c\u56de\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7ee7\u7eed\u4eceeth0\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\r\n\r\n\u793a\u8303\uff1a\r\n\u4e3b\u673a2\uff1a\r\n[root@egon ~]# ifconfig \r\neth0: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 192.168.12.42  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.12.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::499e:c2c1:f5ed:3900  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:86:f8:59  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 11162  bytes 2670925 (2.5 MiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 653  bytes 65271 (63.7 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\neth1: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 172.16.10.24  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.16.255.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::1dde:f649:4124:37fe  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:86:f8:63  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 1698  bytes 413552 (403.8 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 35  bytes 7070 (6.9 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\n# \u4e3b\u673a1\r\n[root@egon ~]# ifconfig eth0\r\neth0: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 192.168.12.46  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.12.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::644f:3e62:6268:6b44  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        inet6 fe80::d636:4f02:54b8:ad9  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        inet6 fe80::499e:c2c1:f5ed:3900  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:ef:d0:eb  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 1597  bytes 346818 (338.6 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 1  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 373  bytes 45758 (44.6 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n0.0.0.0         192.168.12.1    0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens33\r\n192.168.12.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33\r\n192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 virbr0\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del default gw 192.168.12.1  # \u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u673a\u539f\u6765\u7684\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u4e0d\u5220\u7684\u8bdd\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u628a\u8de8\u7f51\u6bb5\u5305\u6254\u7ed9\u5b83\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add default gw 192.168.12.42 # \u628a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u5411192.168.12.42\r\n[root@egon ~]# ping -c 1 172.16.10.24  # \u53ef\u4ee5ping\u901a\r\n\r\n\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u5220\u6389\u8fd9\u6761\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0route add -net 172.16.10.0\/24 dev ens33 \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>3.3 \u7f51\u5173\/\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n<p>Linux\u4e0a\u5206\u4e3a3\u79cd\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u63a9\u7801\u4f4d32\u4f4d\uff0cDestination\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u660e\u5230\u67d0\u53f0\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u600e\u4e48\u8d70\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u63a9\u7801\u5c0f\u4e8e32\u4f4d\uff0cDestination\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u6240\u4ee5\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\u6307\u660e\u5230\u67d0\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u600e\u4e48\u8d70<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u63a9\u7801\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a0\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u4e0d\u8d70\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u7684\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\u7684\u3001\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u8d70\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u4e00\u822c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f51\u5173\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u662f\u533a\u5206\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\uff1a\u82e5Linux\u4e0a\u5230\u67d0\u4e3b\u673a\u6709\u591a\u6761\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u6311\u9009\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u7684\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u5927\u524d\u63d0\uff1a\r\n\u4e3b\u673a\u8303\u56f4\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3001\u8d8a\u7cbe\u786e\u3001\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e3b\u673a\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u63a9\u7801\u8d8a\u957f\u8303\u56f4\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3001\u8d8a\u7cbe\u786e\u3001\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\r\n\r\n\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u533a\u5206\uff1a\r\n# 1\u3001\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u786e\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5148\u5339\u914d\u63a9\u7801\u4f4d\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u63a9\u7801\u8d8a\u957f\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\r\n\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u63a9\u7801\u4f4d\u957f\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u63a9\u7801\u4f4d\u77ed\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\r\n\u7136\u540e\u662f\u76f4\u8fde\u7f51\u7edc(\u5373\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5)\u7684\u8def\u7531(\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531)\u6b21\u4e4b\uff0c\r\n\u518d\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\uff0c\r\n\u6700\u540e\u624d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u5373\u7f51\u5173\u3002\r\n\r\n# 2\u3001\u82e5\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u63a9\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u8ddd\u79bb(\u6bd4\u5982metric)\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u8ddd\u79bb\u77ed\u7684\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u59821\uff1a\u5728\u672c\u673a\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u8def\u7531\u8868\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n0.0.0.0         192.168.100.2   0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 eth0\r\n172.16.10.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth1\r\n192.168.0.0     192.168.100.70  255.255.0.0     UG    0      0        0 eth0\r\n192.168.100.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth0\r\n192.168.100.78  0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 eth0<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u673aping 192.168.5.20<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5148\u68c0\u7d22\u63a9\u7801\u957f\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5373\u6309\u7167\u5982\u4e0b\u987a\u5e8f\r\n255.255.255.255 &gt; 255.255.255.0 &gt; 255.255.0.0 &gt; 0.0.0.0 \r\n\r\n\u4e8e\u662f\u5148\u5bf9\u5e94192.168.100.78\u53d1\u73b0\u65e0\u6cd5\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6bd4\u5bf9192.168.100.0\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5339\u914d\uff0c\r\n\u63a5\u7740\u518d\u5339\u914d192.168.0.0\u8fd9\u6761\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u80fd\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u4eceeth0\u53d1\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5982\u4e0b\u8def\u7531\u8868\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e24\u5757\u7f51\u5361eth0\u548ceth1\u90fd\u662f192.168.100.0\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u5728\u63a9\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5339\u914d\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u548ceth0\u76f4\u8fde\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9eth0\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\uff08\u5373\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aeth1\u548c\u8be5\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e3b\u673a\u9694\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aeth0\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u589e\u52a0\u4e861\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n0.0.0.0         192.168.100.2   0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 eth0\r\n192.168.100.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth0\r\n192.168.100.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     101    0        0 eth1<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>3.4 route\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u5b89\u88c5net-tools\u624d\u6709\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>route\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8def\u7531\u8868\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86add\u6216del\u9009\u9879\u65f6\uff0croute\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u5426\u5219route\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u8def\u7531\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u663e\u793a\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u7b80\u5355\u7684route -n\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d-n\u9009\u9879\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u89e3\u6790\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u5982\u679c\u672c\u673aeth1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u6709172.16.10.0\/24\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684IP,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\r\n172.16.10.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth1\r\n\r\n169.254.0.0\/24 \u662f\u4fdd\u7559\u7f51\u5173\r\n192.168.100.2 \u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7f51\u5173\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n0.0.0.0         192.168.100.2   0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 eth0\r\n172.16.10.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth1\r\n192.168.0.0     192.168.100.70  255.255.0.0     UG    0      0        0 eth0\r\n192.168.100.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth0\r\n192.168.100.78  0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 eth0\r\n\r\n\u5404\u5b57\u6bb5\u542b\u4e49\r\n# 1\u3001Destination\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\r\n# 2\u3001Gateway\uff1a\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u4e3a0.0.0.0\u3002\r\n# 3\u3001Genmask\uff1a\u548c\u76ee\u6807IP\u914d\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a9\u7801\r\n# 4\u3001Flags\uff1a\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\r\nU \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u5904\u4e8eup\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u7528\r\nG \u8868\u793a\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u9879\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\r\nH \u8868\u793a\u8def\u7531\u9879\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\r\n\r\n# 5\u3001Metric\uff1aMetric\u7528\u4e8e\u8ddd\u79bb\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\r\n# 6\u3001Ref\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\/\u5f15\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u9879\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf (\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49)\u3002\r\n# 7\u3001Use\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u9879\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002\r\n# 8\u3001Iface\uff1a\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u6240\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982eth0\uff0clo\u3002\r\n\r\n\u5bf9\u4e8eCentOS 6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ffd\u7565Metric\u548cRef\u4e24\u5217\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u88ab\u5185\u6838\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7528\u4e0a\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u82e5\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528add\u6216del\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">route [add\/del] [-host\/-net\/default] [address[\/mask]] [netmask] [gw] [dev]\r\n\r\n\u9009\u9879\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\r\nadd\/del\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\r\n-net\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\r\n-host\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\r\ndefault\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\r\nnetmask\uff1a\u660e\u786e\u4f7f\u7528netmask\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6307\u5b9a\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5730\u5740\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528cidr\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u5373IP\/MASK\u3002\r\ngw\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8981\u6c42\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u5730\u5740\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u548c\u672c\u7f51\u6bb5\u76f4\u8fde\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\r\ndev\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u5173\u8054\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5224\u65ad\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u8054\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\r\n\r\n# route\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u591a\u5c11\u4e34\u65f6\u751f\u6548<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1).\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@egon ~]# route add default gw 192.168.100.10\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del default\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del default gw 192.168.100.10   # \u82e5\u6709\u591a\u6761\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5219\u518d\u52a0\u4e0agw\u5373\u53ef\u552f\u4e00\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u76ee<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u662f0.0.0.0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u75280.0.0.0\u66ff\u4ee3default\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7528default\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>(2).\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@egon ~]# route add -net 172.16.10.0\/24 gw 192.168.100.70\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 172.16.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.100.70<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u82e5\u5b9e\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u7ed9\u8c01\uff0c\u60f3\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u6254\u51fa\u53bb\u5c31\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@egon ~]# route add -net 172.16.10.0\/24 dev eth0<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u8def\u7531\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u4e0a\u5c06add\u6539\u4e3adel\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u5982<\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@egon ~]# route del -net 172.16.10.0\/24 gw 192.168.100.70\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -net 172.16.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.100.70\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -net 172.16.10.0\/24 dev eth0<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5077\u61d2\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u5220\u9664\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u6761\u8def\u7531\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@egon ~]# route del -net 172.16.10.0\/24<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>(3)\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@egon ~]# route add -host 172.16.10.55 gw 192.168.10.20\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -host 172.16.100.55<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>3.5 \u914d\u7f6e\u6c38\u4e45\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n<h3>\uff081\uff09centos7.9\u4e2d<\/h3>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u63a5\u53e3\u521b\u5efa\u8def\u7531\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/syconfig\/network-scripts\/route-ethX\uff0c\u8981\u4ece\u90a3\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u51fa\u53bbX\u5c31\u662f\u51e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u683c\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u8981\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662fvia\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8981\u6c42\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u548cethX\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>DEST via nexthop<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982eth0\u7f51\u5361\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u662f192.168.10.123\uff0c\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5361eth0\u51fa\u53bb\u5230\u8fbe10.0.0.10\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8981\u548ceth0\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5728\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982192.168.10.222\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>10.0.0.0 via 192.168.10.222<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u3001\u7f51\u6bb5\u8def\u7531\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2ddev\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u5904\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u54ea\u4e2aeth\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>#\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\r\ndefault     via 192.168.100.1\r\n\r\n0.0.0.0\/0   via 192.168.100.1\r\n\r\n#\u7f51\u6bb5\u8def\u7531\r\n192.168.10.0\/24   via 192.168.100.1\r\n\r\n#\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\r\n192.168.100.52\/32 via 192.168.100.33 dev eth1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u542fnetwork\u670d\u52a1\u5373\u53ef\u7acb\u5373\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>route-ethX\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u6c38\u4e45\u8def\u7531\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u5feb\u6377\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u5904\u5c31\u4e0d\u591a\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u6c38\u4e45\u8def\u7531\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>(1).<strong>route-ethX\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6ifcfg-ethX\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8def\u7531\u65e0\u6548\u3002<\/strong>(\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u65b0\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684ifcfg-ethX\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46ifconfig\u5374\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u8be5\u7f51\u5361)<\/p>\n<p>(2).<strong>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u6c38\u4e45\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86DHCP\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6ifcfg-ethX\u4e2d\u7684DEFROUTE\u6307\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a&#8221;no&#8221;\uff0c\u8868\u793aDHCP\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(3).<strong>\u5982\u679c\u5728route-ethX\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u6c38\u4e45\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4e14\u8be5\u7f51\u5361\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86DHCP\u670d\u52a1\u5206\u914d\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8be5\u7f51\u5361\u7684ifcfg-ethX\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684PEERROUTES\u6307\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a&#8221;no&#8221;\uff0c\u8868\u793aDHCP\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\uff082\uff09centos9<\/h3>\n<pre><code>nmcli\u7684\u6539\u52a8\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u81ea\u52a8\u6539\u5230\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\r\ncentos7\u6539\u7684\u662f\/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/route-ens33\r\ncentos9\u6539\u7684\u662f\/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\/ens160.nmconnection\uff0c\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u6761\u7c7b\u4f3croute1=0.0.0.0\/32,192.168.71.10\r\n\r\n\u201cnmcli connection up \u7f51\u5361\u201c\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728route -n\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\r\n<strong><span style=\"background-color: #ff0000;\">\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a+\u53f7\u4ee3\u8868\u589e\u52a0\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\uff0c-\u53f7\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u7b26\u53f7\u4ee3\u8868\u8986\u76d6<\/span><\/strong>\r\n# 1\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u201c0.0.0.0\/0\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u201c192.168.1.1\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u3002\r\n   nmcli connection modify eth0 +ipv4.routes \"0.0.0.0\/0 192.168.1.1\" # \u6ce8\u610f\u5728centos7\u4e2d\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u63a9\u7801\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0\r\n   nmcli connection up eth0  # \u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\r\n\r\n# 2\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u201c192.0.2.0\/24\u201d\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u201c192.168.1.1\u201d\u662f\u7f51\u5173\u3002\r\n   nmcli connection modify eth0 +ipv4.routes \"192.0.2.0\/24 192.168.1.1\"\r\n   nmcli connection up eth0\r\n\r\n# 3\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u201c192.0.2.2\/32\u201d\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\uff0c \u201c192.168.1.1\u201d\u662f\u7f51\u5173\u3002\r\n   nmcli connection modify eth0 +ipv4.routes \"192.0.2.2\/32 192.168.1.1\"\r\n   nmcli connection up eth0\r\n\r\n\u5220\u9664\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684+ipv4.routes\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a-ipv4.routes\u5373\u53ef\uff1a\r\n   nmcli connection modify eth0 -ipv4.routes \"0.0.0.0\/0 192.168.1.1\"\r\n   nmcli connection modify eth0 -ipv4.routes \"192.0.2.0\/24 192.168.1.1\"\r\n   nmcli connection modify eth0 -ipv4.routes \"192.0.2.2\/32 192.168.1.1\"\r\n   nmcli connection up eth0<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>3.6 \u7ec3\u4e60<\/h2>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4ec5\u4e3b\u673a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u201d\u4ea4\u4e92\u673a\u201c\uff1avmnet1\u3001vmnet2\u3001vmnet3\u3001vmnet4<\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vmnet1-1024x624.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vmnet1-1024x624.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><br \/>\n<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vmnet2.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vmnet2.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><br \/>\n<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vmnet3.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vmnet3.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><br \/>\n<div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vmnet4.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vmnet4.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u56db\u53f0\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u56db\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u8ff0\u4e09\u6761\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">iptables -F\r\nsetenforce 0\r\nsystemctl stop NetworkManager\r\n\r\n\uff01\uff01\uff01\u7136\u540e\u6309\u7167\u4e0b\u5c5e\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u914d\u7f6e\u9759\u6001IP\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4e0evmnet\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u537324\u4f4d\r\n\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u53c2\u8003\u5982\u4e0b\r\n[root@egon ~]# cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth1\r\nTYPE=Ethernet\r\nBOOTPROTO=static\r\nIPADDR=2.2.2.2\r\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\r\nNAME=eth1\r\nDEVICE=eth1\r\nONBOOT=yes<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/net.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-2\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  data-original=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/net.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u673a1<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# ifconfig \r\nens37: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 1.1.1.8  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 1.1.1.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe86:f863  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:86:f8:63  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 308  bytes 32432 (31.6 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 251  bytes 36999 (36.1 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\nlo: flags=73&lt;UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING&gt;  mtu 65536\r\n        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0\r\n        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10&lt;host&gt;\r\n        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)\r\n        RX packets 36  bytes 2912 (2.8 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 36  bytes 2912 (2.8 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u673a2<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# ifconfig \r\neth0: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 1.1.1.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 1.1.1.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feef:d0eb  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:ef:d0:eb  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 241  bytes 29171 (28.4 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 202  bytes 38291 (37.3 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\neth1: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 2.2.2.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 2.2.2.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feef:d0f5  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:ef:d0:f5  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 216  bytes 44837 (43.7 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 242  bytes 27730 (27.0 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\nlo: flags=73&lt;UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING&gt;  mtu 65536\r\n        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0\r\n        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10&lt;host&gt;\r\n        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)\r\n        RX packets 21  bytes 2352 (2.2 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 21  bytes 2352 (2.2 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth0\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1003   0        0 eth1\r\n[root@egon ~]# <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u673a3<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# ifconfig \r\nens33: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 2.2.2.3  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 2.2.2.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe0f:5b1c  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:0f:5b:1c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 252  bytes 40507 (39.5 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 522  bytes 87027 (84.9 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\nens37: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 3.3.3.3  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 3.3.3.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe0f:5b26  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:0f:5b:26  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 209  bytes 31979 (31.2 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 490  bytes 68919 (67.3 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\nlo: flags=73&lt;UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING&gt;  mtu 65536\r\n        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0\r\n        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10&lt;host&gt;\r\n        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)\r\n        RX packets 448  bytes 38080 (37.1 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 448  bytes 38080 (37.1 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     101    0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u673a4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">[root@egon ~]# ifconfig \r\nens33: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 3.3.3.4  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 3.3.3.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:fd9f  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:75:fd:9f  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 268  bytes 49290 (48.1 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 424  bytes 48665 (47.5 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\nens37: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500\r\n        inet 4.4.4.4  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 4.4.4.255\r\n        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:fda9  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20&lt;link&gt;\r\n        ether 00:0c:29:75:fd:a9  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)\r\n        RX packets 126  bytes 13057 (12.7 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 404  bytes 47702 (46.5 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\nlo: flags=73&lt;UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING&gt;  mtu 65536\r\n        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0\r\n        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10&lt;host&gt;\r\n        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)\r\n        RX packets 112  bytes 9520 (9.2 KiB)\r\n        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0\r\n        TX packets 112  bytes 9520 (9.2 KiB)\r\n        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33\r\n4.4.4.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     101    0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u505a\u4e0b\u8ff0\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\uff0cegon\u518d\u6b21\u6e29\u99a8\u63d0\u793a\u4f60\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">**\uff01\uff01\uff01\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u672c\u673a\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u5f53\u6210\u7f51\u5173\u5e76\u4e14\u672c\u673a\u5f00\u542f\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u624d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u8bb0\u4f4f**<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8981\u505a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u628a\u63e1\u4f4f\u7a8d\u95e8,\u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u4e48\u73a9\uff0c\u5957\u8def\u90fd\u4e00\u6837<\/p>\n<pre><code>1\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u5148\u5728\u7eb8\u4e0a\u5199\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f60\u672c\u6b21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff1a\u6e90ip-\u300b\u76ee\u6807ip\r\n\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u4e00\u53bb\u4e00\u56de\r\n\uff081\uff09\u53bb\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u6cbf\u9014\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u5339\u914d\u76ee\u6807ip\u7684\u8def\u7531\u624d\u884c\u3002\r\n\uff082\uff09\u56de\u6765\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\uff1a\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f53\u521d\u7684\u6e90ip\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u76ee\u6807ip\r\n2\u3001\u67d0\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u4f60\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u8ba9\u5bf9\u65b9\u5e2e\u4f60\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u5bf9\u65b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e5f\u8981\u5f00\u542f\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\u624d\u884c\u3002\r\n\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\uff0c\u5b83\u624d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u8bb0\u4f4f*\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u4e0aping1.1.1.2,\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a? \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3?\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5206\u6790\r\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\r\n\u56e0\u4e3a\u672c\u673a1.1.1.8\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a1.1.1.2 \u4e24\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2aLAN\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e24\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\u91cc\u5177\u6709Destination\u6307\u5411\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\r\n\u865a\u62df\u673a1:1.1.1.8-------\u300bVmnet1\u300a---------\u865a\u62df\u673a2:1.1.1.2\r\n\r\n# \u7528route -n\u67e5\u770b\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u7684\u8def\u7531\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens37\r\n\u53d1\u73b0\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u91cc\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5219\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ece\u5bf9\u5e94\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u51fa\u53bb\r\n\r\n# \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5220\u6389\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5ping\u901a\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -net 1.1.1.0\/24\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n[root@egon ~]# ping 1.1.1.2  # \u65e0\u6cd5ping\u901a\r\nconnect\uff1aNetwork is unreachable\r\n\r\n# \u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -host 1.1.1.2\/32 dev ens37  # \u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u8bbe\u5907\r\n[root@egon ~]# ping 1.1.1.2  # \u53ef\u4ee5ping\u901a\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -host 1.1.1.2\/32 dev ens37 <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u524d\u9762ping\u901a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a,\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728vm1\u4e0aping2.2.2.2,\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a? \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3?\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5206\u6790\r\n\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\r\n\u56e0\u4e3a\u672c\u673a1.1.1.8\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a1.1.1.2 \u4e24\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2aLAN\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709Destination\u6307\u54112.2.2.0\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\r\n\u865a\u62df\u673a1:1.1.1.8-------\u300bVmnet1\u300a---------\u865a\u62df\u673a2:1.1.1.2\r\n\r\n# \u7528route -n\u67e5\u770b\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u7684\u8def\u7531\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.2         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255   UH     0    0       0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# ping 2.2.2.2  # \u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u538b\u6839\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684Destination\u6307\u54112.2.2.2\r\nconnect\uff1aNetwork is unreachable\r\n\r\n# \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f: \u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8fbe2.2.2.0\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u53ea\u8981Destination\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe1.1.1.2\u5373\u53ef\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 2.2.2.0\/24 dev ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# ping 2.2.2.2  # \u53ef\u4ee5ping\u901a\r\n\r\n\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5305\uff1a\u6e90ip1.1.1.8 \u76ee\u6807ip2.2.2.2\r\n\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u6807ip\u5bf9\u4e0a\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u8def\u7531\u8868\u54e6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u987a\u7740\u7f51\u5361ens37\u53d1\u4e86\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u53d1\u5230\u4e86\u4ea4\u6362\u673aVmnet1\u91cc\r\n\r\n\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u6b63\u662f\u901a\u8fc7Vmnet1\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u65f6\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u7528\u6765\u6536\u5305\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u662f1.1.1.0\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u5728\u505a\u5185\u6838\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u76ee\u6807ip\uff1a2.2.2.2\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u3001\u538b\u6839\u4e0d\u4f1a\u642d\u7406\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u6b63\u5e38\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u5305\r\n\r\n\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u56de\u590d\u7684\u5305\uff1a\u6e90ip2.2.2.2 \u76ee\u6807ip1.1.1.8\r\n\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u6807ip\u4e5f\u80fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0a\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u8bf7\u81ea\u884c\u67e5\u9605<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u524d\u9762ping\u901a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a,\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728vm1\u4e0aping2.2.2.3,\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a? \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3?\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5206\u6790\r\n\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\r\n\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u6765\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c2\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u5230\u8fbe2.2.2.0\/24\u6bb5\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6cbf\u7740\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684ens33\u7f51\u5361\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u4f46\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u538b\u6839\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u4f60\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u5411\u865a\u62df\u673a2\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u5373\u4fbf\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u4e5f\u6ca1\u7528\r\n\u865a\u62df\u673a1:1.1.1.8--\u300bVmnet1\u300a--\u865a\u62df\u673a2:1.1.1.2   2.2.2.2--\u300bVmnet2\u300a--\u865a\u62df\u673a3:2.2.2.3\r\n\r\n# \u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u4e0a\uff1a\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# ping 2.2.2.3  # \u65e0\u6cd5ping\u901a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6cbf\u7740\u672c\u673a\u7684ens37\u53d1\u7ed9\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5361\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 2.2.2.0\/24 gw 1.1.1.2  # \u6dfb\u52a0\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u5411\u865a\u62df\u673a2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u624d\u6709\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         1.1.1.2         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 ens37\r\n\r\n# \u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u4e0a\uff1a\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n  # \u6211\u4eec\u8981\u627e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f2.2.2.3\uff0c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u4e0a\u5339\u914d\u5230Destination\uff1a2.2.2.0\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u987a\u7740eth1\u8f6c\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u542f\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u7684\u8f6c\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth0\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1003   0        0 eth1\r\n[root@egon ~]# echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward\r\n\r\n\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a3\u4e0a\uff1a\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n  # \u865a\u62df\u673a3\u5728\u6536\u5230\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u8f6c\u53d1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u56de\u5305\uff0c\u56de\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u7684\u5730\u57401.1.1.8\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a3\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55Destination\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u865a\u62df\u673a3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8ddf\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aLAN\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a3\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u5411\u865a\u62df\u673a2\uff0c\u4e5f\u501f\u52a9\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u5e2e\u52a9\u8f6c\u53d1\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     101    0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 1.1.1.0\/24 gw 2.2.2.2 # \u53ea\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u7b26\u53f7\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -net 1.1.1.0\/24 gw 2.2.2.2\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -host 1.1.1.8\/32 gw 2.2.2.2  # \u53ea\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u7b26\u5408\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5373\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.8         2.2.2.2         255.255.255.255 UGH   0      0        0 ens33\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     101    0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u524d\u9762ping\u901a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a,\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728vm1\u4e0aping3.3.3.3,\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a? \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3?\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u4e0d\u80fdping\u901a\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def\u7565\uff0c\u4e0b\u8ff0\u64cd\u4f5c\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u505a\u4e86\r\n\r\n\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u4e0a\uff1a\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 3.3.3.0\/24 gw 1.1.1.2\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         1.1.1.2         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 ens37\r\n3.3.3.0         1.1.1.2         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens37\r\n\r\n\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u4e0a\r\n[root@egon ~]# echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward  # \u5b9e\u9a8c3\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u505a\u4e86\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 3.3.3.0\/24 dev eth1\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth0\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1003   0        0 eth1\r\n[root@egon ~]# \r\n\r\n\u5728\u865a\u62df3\u4e0a\uff1a\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add default gw 2.2.2.2 # \u5b9e\u9a8c3\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u505a\u4e86\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.8         2.2.2.2         255.255.255.255 UGH   0      0        0 ens33\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     101    0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u524d\u9762ping\u901a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a,\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728vm1\u4e0aping3.3.3.4,\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a? \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3?\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u4e0d\u540cping\u901a\uff0c\r\n\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u9700\u8981\u8ba9\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\u5305\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u673a2\u9700\u8981\u865a\u62df\u673a3\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\u5305\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u673a4\u56de\u5305\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u5173\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a3\r\n\r\n\u4e0b\u8ff0\u64cd\u4f5c\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u505a\u4e86\r\n\r\n# \u865a\u62df\u673a1\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe3.3.3.0\/24\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u54111.1.1.2\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         1.1.1.2         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 ens37\r\n3.3.3.0         1.1.1.2         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens37\r\n\r\n# \u865a\u62df\u673a2\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe3.3.3.0\/24\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u54112.2.2.3\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth0\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1003   0        0 eth1\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 3.3.3.0\/24 gw 2.2.2.3\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1\r\n3.3.3.0         2.2.2.3         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 eth1\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth0\r\n169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1003   0        0 eth1\r\n[root@egon ~]# echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward  # \u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u542f\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u53ea\u4e3a\u63d0\u9192\u8bfb\u8005\r\n\r\n# \u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a3\u4e0a\u5f00\u542f\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\r\n[root@egon ~]# echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward\r\n\r\n# \u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a4\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 1.1.1.0\/24 gw 3.3.3.3<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u524d\u9762ping\u901a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a,\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728vm1\u4e0aping4.4.4.4,\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a? \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3?\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u4e0d\u540cping\u901a\uff0c\r\n\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u7565\r\n\r\n# \u865a\u62df\u673a1\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe4.4.4.0\/24\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u54111.1.1.2\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\r\nroute add -net 4.4.4.0\/24 gw 1.1.1.2\r\n\r\n# \u865a\u62df\u673a2\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe4.4.4.0\/24\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u54112.2.2.3\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\r\nroute add -net 4.4.4.0\/24 gw 2.2.2.3\r\necho 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward\r\n\r\n# \u865a\u62df\u673a3\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe4.4.4.0\/24\u6bb5\u7684\u8def\u7531(\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u5747\u53ef)\r\nroute add -net 4.4.4.0\/24 dev ens37 #\u8bbe\u5907\u4e3a3.3.3.0\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u7f51\u5361\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u673a4\u540c\u94fe\u5728Vmnet4\u4e0a\r\necho 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward\r\n\r\n# \u865a\u62df\u673a4\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe1.1.1.0\u6bb5\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u6307\u54113.3.3.3,\u8ba9\u5176\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u4e86\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add -net 1.1.1.0\/24 gw 3.3.3.3\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         3.3.3.3         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens33\r\n3.3.3.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33\r\n4.4.4.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     101    0        0 ens37<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u4f18\u5316\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u4ee5\u865a\u62df\u673a1\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u5728\u5185\uff09\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u9001\u7ed91.1.1.2\u7684\r\n[root@egon ~]# route -n\r\nKernel IP routing table\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface\r\n1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         1.1.1.2         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens37\r\n2.2.2.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 ens37\r\n3.3.3.0         1.1.1.2         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens37\r\n4.4.4.0         1.1.1.2         255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens37\r\n[root@egon ~]# \r\n# \u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u7528\u4e00\u6761\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u7684\u6765\u5386\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -net 2.2.2.0\/24 \r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -net 2.2.2.0\/24 # \u6211\u6ca1\u5199\u9519\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u518d\u5220\u4e00\u6b21\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -net 3.3.3.0\/24\r\n[root@egon ~]# route del -net 4.4.4.0\/24\r\n\r\n[root@egon ~]# route add default gw 1.1.1.2\r\n\r\n\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\r\nping -c 1 1.1.1.2\r\nping -c 1 2.2.2.2\r\n\r\nping -c 1 2.2.2.3\r\nping -c 1 3.3.3.3\r\n\r\nping -c 1 3.3.3.4\r\nping -c 1 4.4.4.4\r\n\r\n# \u5176\u4ed6\u865a\u62df\u673a\u8def\u7531\u6761\u76ee\u4f18\u5316\u601d\u8def\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u61d2\u5f97\u5199\u4e86<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>\u56db arp\u548carping\u547d\u4ee4<\/h1>\n<p>\u7ef4\u62a4\u6216\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edfarp\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n<p>arp\u4e3a\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5c06\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684ipv4\u5730\u5740\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528arp\u534f\u8bae\u83b7\u53d6\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5185\u7684\u4e3b\u673aMAC\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u4e92\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u90bb\u5c45\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>arping\u4e0eping\u7684\u533a\u522b<br \/>\n&#8220;arping&#8221;\u548c&#8221;ping&#8221;\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u901a\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u4fa7\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<br \/>\n&#8220;ping&#8221;\uff1aping\u5de5\u5177\u57fa\u4e8eICMP\u534f\u8bae\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u53d1\u9001ICMP Echo\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85ICMP Echo\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6536\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u8fde\u901a\u7684\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u963b\u6b62\u4e86ICMP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002ping\u80fd\u591f\u6d4b\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u4e22\u5305\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<br \/>\n&#8220;arping&#8221;\uff1aarping\u5de5\u5177\u5219\u57fa\u4e8eARP\u534f\u8bae\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u53d1\u9001ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85ARP\u54cd\u5e94\u3002ARP\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff08IP\u5730\u5740\uff09\u5230\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff08MAC\u5730\u5740\uff09\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0carping\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u89e3\u6790IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0eMAC\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\uff09\u4e2d\u7684IP\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u9898\u3002<br \/>\n\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u867d\u7136arping\u548cping\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u901a\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u7528\u9014\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u4e22\u5305\u60c5\u51b5\u6216\u8005\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u5b50\u7f51\uff09\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027\uff0cping\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1b\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u89e3\u6790IP\u548cMAC\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6d4b\u8bd5\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u7684IP\u51b2\u7a81\uff0carping\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4.1 arp\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>arp\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>arp -n -v -i           # \u67e5\u770barp\u7f13\u5b58\r\n\r\n\u9009\u9879\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\r\n-n\uff1a\u4e0d\u89e3\u6790ip\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u540d\u79f0\r\n-v\uff1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-i\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\r\n-d\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2aarp\u6761\u76ee<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>hostname\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u7684arp\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u673a\u7684arp\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u5c31\u4e0d\u89e3\u91ca\u8be5\u7528\u6cd5\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\n<div id=\"rml_readmorelogin_placeholder\" style=\"position:relative;\"><div id=\"rml_fade_content\" style=\"position: absolute;\r\ntop:-10em;\r\nwidth:100%;\r\nheight:10em;\r\nbackground: -webkit-linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0%,#ffffff 100%);\r\nbackground-image: -moz-linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0%,#ffffff 100%);\r\nbackground-image: -o-linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0%,#ffffff 100%);\r\nbackground-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0%,#ffffff 100%);\r\nbackground-image: -ms-linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0%,#ffffff 100%);\"><\/div><div class=\"wpf-controller aru_rml_from_in_post\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;border:5px solid #cce6ff;\" id=\"ARU_ReadMoreLogin_ReadMoreLoginController\"><h2 id=\"Header\">\u67e5\u770b\u66f4\u591a<\/h2><div id=\"Message\"><p>\u8054\u7cfb\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5fae\u4fe1tutu19192010\uff0c\u6ce8\u518c\u8d26\u53f7<\/p>\n<\/div><div id=\"StatusBarHeader\"><\/div><form id=\"ARU_ReadMoreLogin_ReadMoreLoginController\"><input name=\"post_id\" value=\"223\" type=\"hidden\"\/><input name=\"_init_callback\" value=\"InitLogin\" type=\"hidden\"\/><input name=\"post_id\" value=\"223\" type=\"hidden\"\/><input name=\"rt_ype\" value=\"1\" type=\"hidden\"\/><input name=\"nonce\" value=\"eb8c9ced7f\" type=\"hidden\"\/><input name=\"_wpnonce\" value=\"ee095c8387\" type=\"hidden\"\/><input name=\"_controller\" value=\"ARU_ReadMoreLogin\\ReadMoreLoginController\" type=\"hidden\"\/><input name=\"_proxy_controller\" value=\"ARU_ReadMoreLogin\\ReadMoreLoginController\" type=\"hidden\"\/><input name=\"_view\" value=\"ARU_ReadMoreLogin\\ReadMoreLoginView\" type=\"hidden\"\/><table class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><tbody class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><tr class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><td class=\"wpf-table-placeholder-input\" width=\"400px\"><table class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><tbody class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><tr class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><th class=\"wpf-table-placeholder-input\"><label class=\"wpf-label\">Username:<\/label><\/th><\/tr><tr class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><td class=\"wpf-table-placeholder-input\"><input class=\"regular-text text_input\" name=\"username\" value=\"\" type=\"text\"\/><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><th class=\"wpf-table-placeholder-input\"><label class=\"wpf-label\">Password:<\/label><\/th><\/tr><tr class=\"wpf-table-placeholder\"><td 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