{"id":359,"date":"2021-07-28T15:44:24","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T07:44:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=359"},"modified":"2024-07-17T18:30:52","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T10:30:52","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%94%e8%8a%82%ef%bc%9aansible%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=359","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e94\u8282\uff1aAnsible\u5267\u672c-\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ansible \u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<h1>\u4e00\u3001playbook \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/h1>\n<h2>1.1 \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u5224\u65ad\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5219\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2atask<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\uff1f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u573a\u666f\u4f8b\u5982<br \/>\n1\u3001\u6bd4\u5982\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5185\u5b58\u5fc5\u987b\u8fbe\u5230\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u8be5task<br \/>\n2\u3001\u6839\u636e\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4ee5\u89e6\u53d1\u4e0d\u540c\u7684task<br \/>\n3\u3001\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684facts\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684task<br \/>\n4\u3001\u5224\u65ad\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<h2>1.2 \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<h3>\uff081\uff09\u57fa\u672c\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728ansible\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5c31\u662fwhen\u3002<br \/>\nwhen\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u7684\u662fpython\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f,\u5728\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u8005fact,\u5f53\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662ffalse,\u4fbf\u4f1a\u8df3\u8fc7\u672c\u6b21\u7684\u4efb\u52a1<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b: \u5224\u65ad\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684facts\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7ansible group5 -m setup\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@lb workspace]# cat test1.yaml \r\n- hosts: group3\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Install httpd\r\n      yum:\r\n        name: httpd\r\n        state: present\r\n      when: ansible_distribution == \"Rocky\"\r\n\r\n    - name: Install nginx\r\n      yum:\r\n        name: nginx\r\n        state: present\r\n      when: ansible_distribution == \"CentOS\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\uff082\uff09\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h3>\n<pre><code>\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\r\n==\r\n!=\r\n&gt;\r\n&lt;\r\n&gt;=\r\n&lt;=<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n<pre><code>when: ansible_machine == \"x86_64\" \r\n\r\nwhen: ansible_memory_mb.real.free &lt;= 512<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u4e9bfacts\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u503c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u662f\u5565\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n<pre><code># ansible group3 -m setup |less\r\n# ansible group3 -m setup |grep -i distribution \u67e5\u770b\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u518d\u5199\u6761\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\uff083\uff09\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>and\uff1a\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\uff0c\u5f53\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u53f3\u8fb9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u771f<\/li>\n<li>or\uff1a\u903b\u8f91\u6216\uff0c\u5f53\u5de6\u53f3\u548c\u53f3\u8fb9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u771fn<\/li>\n<li>ot\uff1a\u903b\u8f91\u5426\uff0c\u5bf9\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53d6\u53cd<\/li>\n<li>()\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u7ec4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u7ec4\u5408\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n<pre><code># \u903b\u8f91\u6216\r\nwhen: ansible_distribution == \"Rocky\" or ansible_distribution == \"CentOS\"\r\n\r\n# \u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\r\nwhen: ansible_distribution_version == \"9.3\" and ansible_kernel == \"5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3.x86_64\"\r\n\r\nwhen:\r\n  - ansible_distribution_version == \"9.3\"\r\n  - ansible_kernel == \"5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3.x86_64\"\r\n\r\n# \u7ec4\u5408\r\nwhen: =&gt; \r\n  ( ansible_distribution == \"Rocky\" and ansible_distribution_major_version == \"9\" )\r\n  or\r\n  ( ansible_distribution == \"CentOS\" and ansible_distribution_major_version == \"7\")\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>(4) \u66f4\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u5224\u65ad<\/h3>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u770b\u4e00\u773c\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6709\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e34\u65f6\u67e5\u5c31\u884c<br \/>\n&#8212; egon\uff1a\u771f\u6b63\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6709\u6240\u53d6\u820d\uff0c\u6293\u91cd\u70b9<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=9836\">https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=9836<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\uff085\uff09\u4e00\u4e9b\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<pre><code>====================\u300b\u5224\u65adregister\u6ce8\u518c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\r\n- name: restart httpd if postfix is running\r\n  hosts: group1\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: get postfix server status\r\n      command: \/usr\/bin\/systemctl is-active postfix\r\n      ignore_errors: yes\r\n      register: result\r\n\r\n    - name: \u6253\u5370debug\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e2e\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0fyaml\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u6389\r\n      debug:\r\n        msg: \r\n          - \"\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a{{ result }}\"\r\n          - \"\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801: {{ result.rc }}\"\r\n    - name: restart apache httpd based on postfix status\r\n      service:\r\n        name: httpd\r\n        state: restarted\r\n      when: result.rc == 0<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">[root@m01 project]# vim xitong.yml\r\n- hosts: web_group\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Install Centos httpd\r\n      shell: \"yum install -y httpd\"\r\n      when: ansible_distribution == \"CentOS\"\r\n\r\n    - name: Install Ubuntu httpd\r\n      shell: \"apt-get apache2\"\r\n      when: ansible_distribution == \"Ubuntu\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b3\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0ahostname\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">[root@m01 project]# cat base.yml\r\n    - name: Create www Group\r\n      group:\r\n        name: www\r\n        gid: 666\r\n        state: present\r\n      when: ansible_fqdn != \"db01\"\r\n\r\n    - name: Create www User\r\n      user:\r\n        name: www\r\n        uid: 666\r\n        group: www\r\n        shell: \/sbin\/nologin\r\n        create_home: false\r\n        state: present\r\n      when: ansible_fqdn != \"db01\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b4\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">[root@m01 project]# cat php.yml\r\n- hosts: web_group\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Tar php Package\r\n      unarchive:\r\n        src: \/project\/package\/php.tar.gz\r\n        dest: \/tmp\/\r\n\r\n    #\u4f7f\u7528shell\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5php\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\r\n    - name: Check php Install Status\r\n      shell: \"rpm -qa | grep php | wc -l\"\r\n      register: get_php_instll_status\r\n\r\n    #\u8c03\u7528\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5f53\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2dstdout_lines\u4e3a0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5php\r\n    - name: Install php Server\r\n      shell: \"yum localinstall -y \/tmp\/*.rpm\"\r\n      when: get_php_instll_status.stdout_lines == 0<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">[root@m01 project]# vim startserver.yml\r\n- hosts: web_group\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Start CentOS 6 Server\r\n      shell: \"\/etc\/init.d\/httpd start\"\r\n      when:\r\n        - ansible_distribution == \"CentOS\"\r\n        - ansible_distribution_major_version == \"6\"\r\n\r\n    - name: Start CentOS 7 Server\r\n      shell: \"systemctl start httpd\"\r\n      when:\r\n        - ansible_distribution == \"CentOS\"\r\n        - ansible_distribution_major_version == \"7\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b6\uff1a\u591a\u6761\u4ef6and\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\u6548\u679c\u4e00\u6837<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">[root@m01 project]# vim startserver.yml\r\n- hosts: web_group\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Start CentOS 6 Server\r\n      shell: \"\/etc\/init.d\/httpd start\"\r\n      when: (ansible_distribution == \"CentOS\") and (ansible_distribution_major_version == \"6\")\r\n\r\n    - name: Start CentOS 7 Server\r\n      shell: \"systemctl start httpd\"\r\n      when: (ansible_distribution == \"CentOS\") and (ansible_distribution_major_version == \"7\")<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b7\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">- hosts: web_group\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Check Httpd Server\r\n      command: systemctl is-active httpd\r\n      ignore_errors: yes\r\n      register: check_httpd\r\n\r\n    - name: debug outprint\r\n      debug: var=check_httpd\r\n\r\n    - name: Httpd Restart\r\n      service:\r\n        name: httpd\r\n        state: restarted\r\n      when: check_httpd.rc == 0<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1>\u4e8c\u3001playbook \u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5<\/h1>\n<h2>2.1 \u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n<p>1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u5faa\u73af\u5c31\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u505a\u67d0\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94loop\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08Ansible2.5\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2\u3001\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u7528\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7f16\u5199playbook\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u8981\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\r\n1\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\r\n2\u3001\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\r\n3\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\r\n\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u6cd5\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u5c06\u5b9e\u73b0\u67d0\u6bb5\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u5199\u591a\u904d\u9020\u6210\u5197\u4f59<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>2.2 \u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<pre><code>\u5728Ansible 2.5\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u8bed\u6cd5loop\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8ewith_list\u3002\r\n\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\uff0cwith_xxx\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u8f6c\u6362\u6210loop\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\r\n\u6240\u4ee5\u4eceAnsible 2.5\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684with_items\u5faa\u73af\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8f6c\u6362\u6210loop\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728playbook\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528loop\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5373\u53ef\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u542f\u52a8httpd\u548ccrond\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>- hosts: group1\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: httpd and crond are running\r\n      service:\r\n        name: \"{{ item }}\"  # item\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\r\n        state: restarted\r\n      loop:\r\n        - crond\r\n        - httpd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06loop\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5217\u8868\u63d0\u524d\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>#cat \/workspace\/my_vars.yaml\r\ntest_services:\r\n  - crond\r\n  - httpd\r\n\r\n# cat install_pkgs.yml \r\n- hosts: group1\r\n  vars_files:\r\n    - \/workspace\/my_vars.yaml\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: postfix and crond are running\r\n      service:\r\n        name: \"{{ item }}\"\r\n        state: started\r\n      loop: \"{{ test_services }}\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n<pre><code>- hosts: group1\r\n  tasks:\r\n  # 1\u3001\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2awww\u7ec4\r\n  - name: add www group\r\n    group:\r\n      name: www\r\n\r\n  # 2\u3001\u7136\u540e\u5faa\u73af\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\r\n  - name: add several users\r\n    user:\r\n      name: \"{{ item.name }}\"\r\n      state: present\r\n      groups: \"{{ item.groups }}\"\r\n    loop:\r\n      - { name: 'egon1', groups: 'temp_group' } # temp_group\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bdd\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\r\n      - { name: 'egon2', groups: 'www' }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aloop_control\uff0c\u81ea\u884c\u4e86\u89e3\u5427<\/p>\n<h2>2.3 \u65e7\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>1\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u5faa\u73af\u5b89\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5f85\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u540d\u6254\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u91cc\uff0cyum\u4f1a\u904d\u5386\u5faa\u73af\u5b89\u88c5\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@m01 project]# vim yum.yml \r\n- hosts: group1\r\n  gather_facts: no\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Install Redis Server\r\n      yum:\r\n        name: \"{{ package }}\"\r\n        state: present\r\n      vars:\r\n        package:\r\n          - redis\r\n          - httpd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u5faa\u73af\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">#\u9519\u8bef\u5199\u6cd5\uff1a \u4e0d\u7528\u8bd5\u4e86\uff0c\u8bd5\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u7684\r\n[root@m01 project]# vim start.yml\r\n- hosts: web_group\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Start Server\r\n      systemd:\r\n        name: \"{{ package }}\"\r\n        state: started\r\n      vars:\r\n        package:\r\n          - redis\r\n          - httpd\r\n\r\n#\u6b63\u786e\u5199\u6cd5\r\n[root@m01 project]# vim start.yml\r\n- hosts: web_group\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Start Server\r\n      systemd:\r\n        name: \"{{ item }}\"\r\n        state: started\r\n      with_items:\r\n        - redis\r\n        - httpd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">[root@m01 project]# cat user.yml \r\n- hosts: group1\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Create Some Group\r\n      group:\r\n        name: \"{{ item.name }}\"\r\n        gid: \"{{ item.gid }}\"\r\n        state: present\r\n      with_items:\r\n        - { name: \"lhf\", gid: \"777\" }\r\n        - { name: \"test\", gid: \"888\" }\r\n        - { name: \"egon\", gid: \"999\" }\r\n\r\n    - name: Create Some User\r\n      user:\r\n        name: \"{{ item.name }}\"\r\n        uid: \"{{ item.uid }}\"\r\n        group: \"{{ item.group }}\"\r\n        shell: \"{{ item.shell }}\"\r\n        create_home: \"{{ item.create_home }}\"\r\n      with_items:\r\n        - { name: \"lhf\", uid: \"777\", group: \"lhf\", shell: \"\/sbin\/nologin\", create_home: \"false\" }\r\n        - { name: \"test\", uid: \"888\", group: \"test\", shell: \"\/bin\/bash\", create_home: \"false\" }\r\n        - { name: \"egon\", uid: \"999\", group: \"egon\", shell: \"\/bin\/bash\", create_home: \"true\" }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>4\u3001\u5728Ansible 2.5\u4ee5\u524d\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65e7\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u6cd5\u89c1\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=9843\">https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=9843<\/a><\/p>\n<h1>\u4e09\u3001playbook \u4efb\u52a1\u6807\u7b7e<\/h1>\n<h2>3.1.\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/h2>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">\u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e00\u4e2aplaybook\u4f1a\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684task\u3002\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2aplaybook\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u6240\u6709task\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u60f3\u628a\u6574\u4e2aplaybook\u5b8c\u6574\u8dd1\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230tags\u3002\r\n\r\nAnsible\u7684\u6807\u7b7e(tag)\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5355\u72ec\u4efb\u52a1\u751a\u81f3\u6574\u4e2aplaybook\u6253\u4e0a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\r\n\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u8fd0\u884cplaybook\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6216\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>3.2 \u6807\u7b7e\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u63a7\u5236\u7aef\u51c6\u5907\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre><code>cat &gt; \/workspace\/welcome.conf &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\r\n&lt;LocationMatch \"^\/+$\"&gt;\r\n    Options -Indexes\r\n    ErrorDocument 403 \/.noindex.html\r\n&lt;\/LocationMatch&gt;\r\n&lt;Directory \/usr\/share\/httpd\/noindex&gt;\r\n    AllowOverride None\r\n    Require all granted\r\n&lt;\/Directory&gt;\r\nAlias \/.noindex.html \/usr\/share\/httpd\/noindex\/index.html\r\nAlias \/poweredby.png \/usr\/share\/httpd\/icons\/apache_pb3.png\r\nAlias \/system_noindex_logo.png \/usr\/share\/httpd\/icons\/system_noindex_logo.png\r\n\r\nEOF<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n<pre><code>- hosts: group5\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - name: Install httpd\r\n      yum: \r\n        name: httpd\r\n        state: present\r\n      tags: install_httpd\r\n\r\n    - name: Cofiguration httpd\r\n      copy:\r\n        src: \/workspace\/welcome.conf\r\n        dest: \/etc\/httpd\/conf.d\/welcome.conf\r\n      tags: conf_httpd\r\n      notify:\r\n        - restart httpd\r\n\r\n    - name: Start httpd\r\n      service:\r\n        name: httpd\r\n        state: started\r\n        enabled: true\r\n      tags: start_httpd\r\n  handlers:\r\n    - name: restart httpd\r\n      systemd:\r\n        name: httpd\r\n        state: restarted<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2atask\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2atags\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>install_httpd<\/li>\n<li>conf_httpd<\/li>\n<li>start_httpd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6807\u7b7e<\/p>\n<pre><code>ansible-playbook 1.yml --list-tags<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2atag\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code>ansible-playbook  1.yml --tags \"install_httpd\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e00\u6b21\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2atag\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ansible-playbook  1.yml --tags \"conf_httpd,start_httpd\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6392\u9664\u6307\u5b9atag\u7684task<\/p>\n<pre><code>ansible-playbook  1.yml --skip-tags \"install_httpd\" # \u9664\u4e86\u5b83\u5176\u4ed6task\u90fd\u6267\u884c\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>3.3.\u6253\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">1.\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2atask\u6253\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\r\n2.\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2atask\u6253\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\r\n3.\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2atask\u6253\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>1\u3001\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2atask\u6253\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">- hosts: nginx\r\n    - name: Config Nginx Server\r\n      copy:\r\n        src: \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\r\n        dest: \/etc\/nginx\/\r\n      notify: restart_nginx\r\n      tags: reconf_nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2\u3001\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2atask\u6253\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">- hosts: nginx\r\n    - name: Config Nginx Server\r\n      copy:\r\n        src: \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\r\n        dest: \/etc\/nginx\/\r\n      notify: restart_nginx\r\n      tags: reconf_nginx\r\n\r\n    - name: Config Nginx wordpress\r\n      copy:\r\n        src: \/project\/conf\/linux.wp.com.conf\r\n        dest: \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/\r\n      notify: reload_nginx\r\n      when: (ansible_fqdn == \"web01\") or (ansible_fqdn == \"web02\")\r\n      tags: reconf_nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3\u3001\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2atask\u6253\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">- hosts: nginx\r\n    - name: Config Nginx Server\r\n      copy:\r\n        src: \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\r\n        dest: \/etc\/nginx\/\r\n      notify: restart_nginx\r\n      # \u683c\u5f0f1\r\n      tags: \r\n        - reconf_nginx\r\n        - reconfig_nginx\r\n      # \u683c\u5f0f2\r\n      # tags: [\"reconf_nginx\",\"reconfig_nginx\"]\r\n\r\n      # \u683c\u5f0f3\uff1a\r\n      # tags: [\"reconf_nginx\",\"reconfig_nginx\"]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=9850\">https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=9850<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ansible \u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236 \u4e00\u3001playbook \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5 1.1 \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u7b80\u4ecb \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5 \u5224\u65ad\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6210 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[56],"tags":[60,21,19,22,57,20],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/359"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=359"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11280,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/359\/revisions\/11280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}