![\"\"](\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Django\u4e4b\u89c6\u56fe\u5c421.png\")
<\/div><\/p>\n\u4e8c \u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61(HttpRequest)<\/h3>\n
django\u5c06http\u534f\u8bae\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c\u3001\u9996\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u4f53\u5c01\u88c5\u5230\u4e86HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6846\u67b6\u7684environ\u53c2\u6570\uff09\u3002 django\u4f1a\u5c06HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f53\u505a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u7ed9\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570request\uff0c\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6http\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
2.1\u3001HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027part1<\/h4>\n\u4e00.HttpRequest.method\n\u3000\u3000\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u503c\u4e3a\u7eaf\u5927\u5199\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a"GET"\u3001"POST"\n \u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\n\n\u4e8c.HttpRequest.GET\n\u3000\u3000\u503c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684QueryDict\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7HttpRequest.GET.get('\u952e')\u83b7\u53d6\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\n\n\u4e09.HttpRequest.POST\n \u503c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684QueryDict\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7HttpRequest.POST.get('\u952e')\u83b7\u53d6\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\n\n \u9488\u5bf9\u8868\u5355\u4e2dcheckbox\u7c7b\u578b\u7684input\u6807\u7b7e\u3001select\u6807\u7b7e\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\uff1aHttpRequest.POST.getlist("hobbies")\u83b7\u53d6\u5b58\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u5217\u8868,\u540c\u7406\u4e5f\u6709HttpRequest.GET.getlist("\u952e")<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/p>\n
from django.urls import re_path\nfrom app01 import views\n\nurlpatterns = [\n re_path(r'^login\/$',views.login),\n]<\/code><\/pre>\nViews.py<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse\n\ndef login(request):\n if request.method == 'GET':\n # \u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42url\u4e3a\uff1ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/login\/?a=1&b=2&c=3&c=4&c=5\n # \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u662fGET\uff0c?\u540e\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u5b58\u653e\u4e8erequest.GET\u4e2d\n print(request.GET)\n # \u8f93\u51fa<QueryDict: {'a': ['1'], 'b': ['2'], 'c': ['3', '4', '5']}>\n\n # \u83b7\u53d6\uff1f\u540e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\n a=request.GET.get('a') # 1\n b=request.GET.get('b') # 2\n c=request.GET.getlist('c') # ['3', '4', '5']\n\n return render(request,'login.html')\n elif request.method == 'POST':\n # \u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6846\u5185\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540degon\u3001\u5e74\u9f8418\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u7231\u597d\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u63d0\u4ea4\n # \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aPOST\uff0c\u8868\u5355\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u4e8erequest.POST\u4e2d\n print(request.POST) \n # \u8f93\u51fa<QueryDict: {..., 'name': ['egon'], 'age': ['18'], 'hobbies': ['music', 'read']}>\n\n # \u83b7\u53d6\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\n name=request.POST.get('name') # egon\n age=request.POST.get('age') # 18\n hobbies=request.POST.getlist('hobbies') # ['music', 'read']\n\n return HttpResponse('\u63d0\u4ea4\u6210\u529f')<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5728templates\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efalogin.html<\/p>\n
<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang="en">\n<head>\n <meta charset="UTF-8">\n <title>\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<!--\nmethod="post"\u4ee3\u8868\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ee5POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\naction="\/login\/" \u4ee3\u8868\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\u5730\u5740\u4e3ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/login\/,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5199\u4e3aaction="\/login\/",\u6216\u8005action=""\n-->\n<form action="http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/login\/" method="post">\n {% csrf_token %} <!--\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd-->\n <p>\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1a<input type="text" name="name"><\/p>\n <p>\u5e74\u9f84\uff1a<input type="text" name="age"><\/p>\n <p>\n \u7231\u597d\uff1a\n <input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" value="music">\u97f3\u4e50\n <input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" value="read">\u9605\u8bfb\n <input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" value="dancing">\u8df3\u821e\n <\/p>\n <p><input type="submit" value="\u63d0\u4ea4"><\/p>\n\n<\/form>\n<\/body>\n<\/html><\/code><\/pre>\n2.2\u3001HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027part2<\/h4>\n\u4e00.HttpRequest.body\n \u5f53\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u57fa\u4e8ehttp\u534f\u8bae\u7684POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9django\uff0cdjango\u4f1a\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e\u4e8eHttpRequest.body\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u4e3aBytes\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406Bytes\u3001\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u590d\u6742\u800c\u7e41\u7410\u7684\uff0c\u597d\u5728django\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b83\u505a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5c01\u88c5\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u4e3a\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\n \u5bf9\u4e8eform\u8868\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aGET\u4e0ePOST\n 1\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8868\u5355\u5c5e\u6027method='GET',\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u5355\u5185\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u5c06\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167k1=v1&k2=v2&k3=v3\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u653e\u5230url\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9django\uff0cdjango\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.GET\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u6b64\u65f6\u7684request.body\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3001\u65e0\u7528\n 2\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8868\u5355\u5c5e\u6027method='POST'\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u5355\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9django\u540e\u4f1a\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.body\u91cc\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6django\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f1arequest.body\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5462\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4eceform\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u8bf4\u8d77\uff1a\n form\u8868\u5355\u5bf9\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c5e\u6027enctype\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\n \u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f):enctype="application\/x-www-form-urlencoded" \n \u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f2(\u4f7f\u7528form\u8868\u5355\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u8be5\u7f16\u7801):enctype="multipart\/form-data" \n \u5982\u679cform\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1,\u90a3\u4e48request.body\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eGET\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982k1=v1&k2=v2\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6django\u4f1a\u5c06request.body\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.POST\u4e2d\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u53d6\n \u5982\u679cform\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f2,\u90a3\u4e48request.body\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3ab'------WebKitFormBoundaryKtcwuksQltpNprep\\r\\nContent-Disposition: form-data;......',\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6django\u4f1a\u5c06request.body\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.POST\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u4e13\u95e8\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.FILES\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\n \u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8981\u5927\u4e8e\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u9700\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u7b80\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1\n\n \u6211\u4eec\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528form\u8868\u5355\u5411django\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528ajax\u6280\u672f\uff0cajax\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\uff1a1\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1 2\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f2 3\u3001json\uff0c\u5f53ajax\u91c7\u7528POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u524d\u4e24\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cdjango\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6848\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f53ajax\u91c7\u7528POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4json\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cdjango\u4f1a\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e\u4e8eHttpRequest.body\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9HttpRequest.body\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u505a\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\n\u5177\u4f53\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8bb2\u89e3ajax\u65f6\u518d\u505a\u5177\u4f53\u4ecb\u7ecd\n\n\u4e8c.HttpRequest.FILES\n \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528form\u8868\u5355POST\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u5728HttpRequest.FILES\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u3002\n\n\u3000\u3000\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u7ec4key:value\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2akey\u4e3a<input type="file" name="" \/> \u4e2dname\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u800cvalue\u5219\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\n\u3000\u3000\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1aHttpRequest.FILES \u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aPOST \u4e14\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684<form> \u5e26\u6709enctype="multipart\/form-data" \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u624d\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0cFILES \u5c06\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n![\"\"](\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\")
<\/div><\/p>\n\u6848\u4f8b\uff1aform\u8868\u5355\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/p>\n
from django.urls import path,register_converter,re_path\nfrom app01 import views\n\nurlpatterns = [\n re_path(r'^register\/$',views.register),\n]<\/code><\/pre>\nviews.py<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse\n\ndef register(request):\n if request.method == 'GET':\n return render(request,'register.html')\n elif request.method == 'POST':\n print(request.body)\n\n # \u4ecerequest.POST\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u540d\n name=request.POST.get('name') \n # \u4ecerequest.FILES\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\n file_obj=request.FILES.get('header_img') \n\n # \u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u653e\u4e8etemplates\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\n with open('templates\/header.png','wb') as f: \n for line in file_obj:\n f.write(line)\n\n return HttpResponse('\u6ce8\u518c\u6210\u529f')<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5728templates\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efaregister.html<\/p>\n
<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang="en">\n<head>\n <meta charset="UTF-8">\n <title>\u6ce8\u518c\u9875\u9762<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart\/form-data" >\n {% csrf_token %}\n <p>\n \u7528\u6237\u540d:<input type="text" name="name">\n <\/p>\n <p>\n \u5934\u50cf:<input type="file" name="header_img">\n <\/p>\n <p>\n <input type="submit" value="\u63d0\u4ea4">\n <\/p>\n<\/form>\n<\/body>\n<\/html><\/code><\/pre>\n2.3\u3001HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027part3<\/h4>\n\u4e00.HttpRequest.path\n\u3000\u3000\u83b7\u53d6url\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u8def\u5f84\u90e8\u5206\n\n\u4e8c.HttpRequest.get_full_path()\n\u3000\u3000\u83b7\u53d6url\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b8c\u6574path\uff0c\u65e2\u5305\u542b\u8def\u5f84\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u53c2\u6570\u90e8\u5206\n\n\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5730\u5740\u662fhttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/order\/?name=egon&age=10#_label3\uff0c\nHttpRequest.path\u7684\u503c\u4e3a"\/order\/"\nHttpRequest.get_full_path()\u7684\u503c\u4e3a"\/order\/?name=egon&age=10"<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/p>\n
from django.urls import path,register_converter,re_path\nfrom app01 import views\n\nurlpatterns = [\n re_path(r'^order',views.order),\n]<\/code><\/pre>\nviews.py<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse\n\n# \u9488\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684url\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/order\/?name=egon&age=10#_label3\n# \u4ece\u57df\u540d\u540e\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\/\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u201c\uff1f\u201d\u4e3a\u6b62\u662f\u8def\u5f84\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\/order\/\n# \u4ece\u201c\uff1f\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u201c#\u201d\u4e3a\u6b62\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u90e8\u5206,\u5373name=egon&age=10\ndef order(request):\n print(request.path) # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u201c\/order\/\u201d\n print(request.get_full_path()) # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a"\/order\/?name=egon&age=10"\n\n return HttpResponse('order page')<\/code><\/pre>\n2.4\u3001HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027part4<\/h4>\n
<\/div><\/p>\n\u4e00.HttpRequest.META\n \u3000 \u503c\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u4e86HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u6570\u636e\u7684Python\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684key\u53ca\u671f\u5bf9\u5e94\u503c\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\n CONTENT_LENGTH \u2014\u2014 \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6b63\u6587\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u3002\n CONTENT_TYPE \u2014\u2014 \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6b63\u6587\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\n HTTP_ACCEPT \u2014\u2014 \u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u7684Content-Type\u3002\n HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING \u2014\u2014 \u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u3002\n HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE \u2014\u2014 \u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\n HTTP_HOST \u2014\u2014 \u5ba2\u670d\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\n HTTP_REFERER \u2014\u2014 Referring \u9875\u9762\u3002\n HTTP_USER_AGENT \u2014\u2014 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\n QUERY_STRING \u2014\u2014 \u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u672a\u89e3\u6790\u8fc7\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\n REMOTE_ADDR \u2014\u2014 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\n REMOTE_HOST \u2014\u2014 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002\n REMOTE_USER \u2014\u2014 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8ba4\u8bc1\u540e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002\n REQUEST_METHOD \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982"GET" \u6216"POST"\u3002\n SERVER_NAME \u2014\u2014 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002\n SERVER_PORT \u2014\u2014 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u3002\n \u3000\u3000\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u9664 CONTENT_LENGTH \u548c CONTENT_TYPE \u4e4b\u5916\uff0cHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a META \u7684\u952e\u65f6\uff0c\n \u90fd\u4f1a\n 1\u3001\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5199\n 2\u3001\u5c06\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7b26\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\n 3\u3001\u52a0\u4e0a\u524d\u7f00HTTP_\u3002\n \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a X-Bender \u7684\u5934\u90e8\u5c06\u8f6c\u6362\u6210 META \u4e2d\u7684 HTTP_X_BENDER \u952e\u3002\n\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0b\u8ff0\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u6682\u4e14\u4e86\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5f85\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u5230\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u65f6\u518d\u4e13\u95e8\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\n\u4e8c.HttpRequest.COOKIES\n\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684Python \u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7684cookie\u3002\u952e\u548c\u503c\u90fd\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\n\n\u4e09.HttpRequest.session\n \u3000\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u53ef\u8bfb\u53c8\u53ef\u5199\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53Django \u542f\u7528\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u652f\u6301\u65f6\u624d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\n\n11.HttpRequest.user(\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528)\n\n\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u4e2a AUTH_USER_MODEL \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002\n\n2.HttpRequest.is_ajax()\n\n\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u901a\u8fc7XMLHttpRequest \u53d1\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56deTrue\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u68c0\u67e5 HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH \u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9996\u90e8\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32'XMLHttpRequest'\u3002\n\n\u3000\u3000\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684 JavaScript \u5e93\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5934\u90e8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 XMLHttpRequest \u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7aef\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u5de5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u6765\u8ba9 is_ajax() \u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\n\n\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u662f\u901a\u8fc7AJAX \u53d1\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u4f8b\u5982Django \u7684 cache middleware\uff0c\n \u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 vary_on_headers('HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH') \u88c5\u9970\u4f60\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u4ee5\u8ba9\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div><\/p>\n\u4e09 \u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61(HttpResponse)<\/h3>\n
\u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2aHTML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a404\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aXML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u7b49\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u89c6\u56fe\u672c\u8eab\u5305\u542b\u4ec0\u4e48\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bf4\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f:HttpResponse,render,redirect<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse,render,redirect<\/code><\/pre>\n3.1\u3001HttpResponse()<\/h3>\n
\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u76f4\u63a5\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u63a5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u540e\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
3.2\u3001render()<\/h4>\nrender(request, template_name[, context]\uff09\n\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\n 1\u3001request\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5fc5\u987b\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\n\n 2\u3001template_name\uff1a\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f20\u5165\uff0crender\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u53bbtemplates\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\n\n 3\u3001context\uff1a\u53ef\u9009\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7528\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\n\n\u7efc\u4e0a\uff0crender\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5b57\u5178\u6e32\u67d3\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e32\u67d3\u540e\u7684 HttpResponse\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n3.3\u3001redirect()<\/h4>\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4fe1\u606f\ndef my_view(request):\n ...\n return redirect('\/some\/url\/')\n\n# \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684URL\uff1a\ndef my_view(request):\n ...\n return redirect('http:\/\/www.baidu.com\/')\u3000<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div><\/p>\n\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8f6c\u6001\u7801301\u4e0e302\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001301\u548c302\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u3002\n 1\u3001\u76f8\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff1a\n 301\u548c302\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u90fd\u8868\u793a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u70b9\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728\u62ff\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u540e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684URL\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u4ece\u54cd\u5e94\u5934Location\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u65b0\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6548\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u5730\u5740A\u540e\u77ac\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740B\n\n 2\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff1a\n\u3000\u3000301\u8868\u793a\u65e7\u5730\u5740A\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6c38\u4e45\u5730\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u5373\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u3002\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u5728\u6293\u53d6\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5c06\u65e7\u7684\u7f51\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff1b\n\u3000\u3000302\u8868\u793a\u65e7\u5730\u5740A\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8fd8\u5728\uff0c\u5373\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u53ea\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u5730\u4ece\u65e7\u5730\u5740A\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u5730\u5740B\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u6293\u53d6\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u65e7\u7684\u7f51\u5740\u3002 \u4eceSEO\u5c42\u9762\u8003\u8651\uff0c302\u8981\u597d\u4e8e301\n\n\u4e8c\u3001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\n 1\u3001\u7f51\u7ad9\u8c03\u6574\uff08\u5982\u6539\u53d8\u7f51\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1b\n 2\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u88ab\u79fb\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5730\u5740\uff1b\n 3\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u6539\u53d8(\u5982\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u628a.php\u6539\u6210.Html\u6216.shtml)\u3002\n \u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u505a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u6237\u6536\u85cf\u5939\u6216\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u65e7\u5730\u5740\u53ea\u80fd\u8ba9\u8bbf\u95ee\u5ba2\u6237\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a404\u9875\u9762\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6d41\u91cf\u767d\u767d\u4e27\u5931\uff1b\u518d\u8005\u67d0\u4e9b\u6ce8\u518c\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8ba9\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57df\u540d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u52a8\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e3b\u7ad9\u70b9\u7b49\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div><\/p>\n\u56db JsonResponse<\/h3>\n
\u5411\u524d\u7aef\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2ajson\u683c\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n
\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n
import json\n\ndef my_view(request):\n data=['egon','kevin']\n return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data) )<\/code><\/pre>\n\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n
from django.http import JsonResponse\n\ndef my_view(request):\n data=['egon','kevin']\n return JsonResponse(data,safe=False)\n #\u9ed8\u8ba4safe=True\u4ee3\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0csafe=False\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5b57\u5178\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/code><\/pre>\n\u4e94 FBV\u548cCBV<\/h3>\n
django\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5c42\u7531\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u6784\u6210\uff1aFBV\u548cCBV<\/p>\n
1\u3001FBV\u57fa\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\uff08Function base view\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u90fd\u662fFBV<\/p>\n
2\u3001CBV\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u89c6\u56fe(Class base view)<\/p>\n
\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/p>\n
from django.urls import path,register_converter,re_path\nfrom app01 import views\n\nurlpatterns = [\n re_path(r'^login\/',views.LoginView.as_view()), # \u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5as_view\n]<\/code><\/pre>\nviews.py<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect\nfrom django.views import View\n\nclass LoginView(View):\n def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs): # \u53ef\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\n # \u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42url\u4e3a\uff1ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8008\/login\/\u4f1a\u5148\u89e6\u53d1dispatch\u7684\u6267\u884c\n # \u5982\u679chttp\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aGET\uff0c\u5219\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u8ff0get\u65b9\u6cd5\n # \u5982\u679chttp\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aPOST\uff0c\u5219\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u8ff0post\u65b9\u6cd5\n obj=super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) # \u5fc5\u987b\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u7c7b\u7684dispatch\u529f\u80fd\n return obj # \u5fc5\u987b\u8fd4\u56deobj\n\n def get(self,request):\n return render(request,'login.html')\n\n def post(self,request):\n name=request.POST.get('name')\n pwd=request.POST.get('pwd')\n if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':\n res='\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f'\n else:\n res='\u7528\u6237\u540d\u6216\u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef'\n return HttpResponse(res)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
python manage.py runserver 8001 \n# \u9a8c\u8bc1GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165\uff1ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/login\/\n# \u9a8c\u8bc1POST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a\u5728\u8868\u5355\u5185\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7136\u540e\u63d0\u4ea4<\/code><\/pre>\n\u91c7\u7528CBV\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u5165\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b83\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5927\u4e4b\u5904<\/p>\n
<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Django\u4e4b\u89c6\u56fe\u5c42 \u4e00 \u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570 \u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8eDjango\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5c42\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728views.py\u6587 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[385,391],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5836"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5836"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5836\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5836"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5836"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5836"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u4e00.HttpRequest.method\n\u3000\u3000\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u503c\u4e3a\u7eaf\u5927\u5199\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a"GET"\u3001"POST"\n \u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\n\n\u4e8c.HttpRequest.GET\n\u3000\u3000\u503c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684QueryDict\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7HttpRequest.GET.get('\u952e')\u83b7\u53d6\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\n\n\u4e09.HttpRequest.POST\n \u503c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684QueryDict\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7HttpRequest.POST.get('\u952e')\u83b7\u53d6\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\n\n \u9488\u5bf9\u8868\u5355\u4e2dcheckbox\u7c7b\u578b\u7684input\u6807\u7b7e\u3001select\u6807\u7b7e\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\uff1aHttpRequest.POST.getlist("hobbies")\u83b7\u53d6\u5b58\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u5217\u8868,\u540c\u7406\u4e5f\u6709HttpRequest.GET.getlist("\u952e")<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/p>\n
from django.urls import re_path\nfrom app01 import views\n\nurlpatterns = [\n re_path(r'^login\/$',views.login),\n]<\/code><\/pre>\nViews.py<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse\n\ndef login(request):\n if request.method == 'GET':\n # \u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42url\u4e3a\uff1ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/login\/?a=1&b=2&c=3&c=4&c=5\n # \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u662fGET\uff0c?\u540e\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u5b58\u653e\u4e8erequest.GET\u4e2d\n print(request.GET)\n # \u8f93\u51fa<QueryDict: {'a': ['1'], 'b': ['2'], 'c': ['3', '4', '5']}>\n\n # \u83b7\u53d6\uff1f\u540e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\n a=request.GET.get('a') # 1\n b=request.GET.get('b') # 2\n c=request.GET.getlist('c') # ['3', '4', '5']\n\n return render(request,'login.html')\n elif request.method == 'POST':\n # \u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6846\u5185\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540degon\u3001\u5e74\u9f8418\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u7231\u597d\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u63d0\u4ea4\n # \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aPOST\uff0c\u8868\u5355\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u4e8erequest.POST\u4e2d\n print(request.POST) \n # \u8f93\u51fa<QueryDict: {..., 'name': ['egon'], 'age': ['18'], 'hobbies': ['music', 'read']}>\n\n # \u83b7\u53d6\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\n name=request.POST.get('name') # egon\n age=request.POST.get('age') # 18\n hobbies=request.POST.getlist('hobbies') # ['music', 'read']\n\n return HttpResponse('\u63d0\u4ea4\u6210\u529f')<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5728templates\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efalogin.html<\/p>\n
<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang="en">\n<head>\n <meta charset="UTF-8">\n <title>\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<!--\nmethod="post"\u4ee3\u8868\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ee5POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\naction="\/login\/" \u4ee3\u8868\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\u5730\u5740\u4e3ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/login\/,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5199\u4e3aaction="\/login\/",\u6216\u8005action=""\n-->\n<form action="http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/login\/" method="post">\n {% csrf_token %} <!--\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd-->\n <p>\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1a<input type="text" name="name"><\/p>\n <p>\u5e74\u9f84\uff1a<input type="text" name="age"><\/p>\n <p>\n \u7231\u597d\uff1a\n <input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" value="music">\u97f3\u4e50\n <input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" value="read">\u9605\u8bfb\n <input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" value="dancing">\u8df3\u821e\n <\/p>\n <p><input type="submit" value="\u63d0\u4ea4"><\/p>\n\n<\/form>\n<\/body>\n<\/html><\/code><\/pre>\n2.2\u3001HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027part2<\/h4>\n\u4e00.HttpRequest.body\n \u5f53\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u57fa\u4e8ehttp\u534f\u8bae\u7684POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9django\uff0cdjango\u4f1a\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e\u4e8eHttpRequest.body\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u4e3aBytes\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406Bytes\u3001\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u590d\u6742\u800c\u7e41\u7410\u7684\uff0c\u597d\u5728django\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b83\u505a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5c01\u88c5\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u4e3a\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\n \u5bf9\u4e8eform\u8868\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aGET\u4e0ePOST\n 1\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8868\u5355\u5c5e\u6027method='GET',\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u5355\u5185\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u5c06\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167k1=v1&k2=v2&k3=v3\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u653e\u5230url\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9django\uff0cdjango\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.GET\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u6b64\u65f6\u7684request.body\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3001\u65e0\u7528\n 2\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8868\u5355\u5c5e\u6027method='POST'\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u5355\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9django\u540e\u4f1a\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.body\u91cc\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6django\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f1arequest.body\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5462\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4eceform\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u8bf4\u8d77\uff1a\n form\u8868\u5355\u5bf9\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c5e\u6027enctype\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\n \u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f):enctype="application\/x-www-form-urlencoded" \n \u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f2(\u4f7f\u7528form\u8868\u5355\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u8be5\u7f16\u7801):enctype="multipart\/form-data" \n \u5982\u679cform\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1,\u90a3\u4e48request.body\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eGET\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982k1=v1&k2=v2\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6django\u4f1a\u5c06request.body\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.POST\u4e2d\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u53d6\n \u5982\u679cform\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f2,\u90a3\u4e48request.body\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3ab'------WebKitFormBoundaryKtcwuksQltpNprep\\r\\nContent-Disposition: form-data;......',\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6django\u4f1a\u5c06request.body\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.POST\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u4e13\u95e8\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u5230request.FILES\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\n \u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8981\u5927\u4e8e\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u9700\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u7b80\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1\n\n \u6211\u4eec\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528form\u8868\u5355\u5411django\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528ajax\u6280\u672f\uff0cajax\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\uff1a1\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f1 2\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f2 3\u3001json\uff0c\u5f53ajax\u91c7\u7528POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u524d\u4e24\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cdjango\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6848\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f53ajax\u91c7\u7528POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4json\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cdjango\u4f1a\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e\u4e8eHttpRequest.body\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9HttpRequest.body\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u505a\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\n\u5177\u4f53\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8bb2\u89e3ajax\u65f6\u518d\u505a\u5177\u4f53\u4ecb\u7ecd\n\n\u4e8c.HttpRequest.FILES\n \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528form\u8868\u5355POST\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u5728HttpRequest.FILES\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u3002\n\n\u3000\u3000\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u7ec4key:value\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2akey\u4e3a<input type="file" name="" \/> \u4e2dname\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u800cvalue\u5219\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\n\u3000\u3000\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1aHttpRequest.FILES \u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aPOST \u4e14\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684<form> \u5e26\u6709enctype="multipart\/form-data" \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u624d\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0cFILES \u5c06\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div><\/p>\n\u6848\u4f8b\uff1aform\u8868\u5355\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/p>\n
from django.urls import path,register_converter,re_path\nfrom app01 import views\n\nurlpatterns = [\n re_path(r'^register\/$',views.register),\n]<\/code><\/pre>\nviews.py<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse\n\ndef register(request):\n if request.method == 'GET':\n return render(request,'register.html')\n elif request.method == 'POST':\n print(request.body)\n\n # \u4ecerequest.POST\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u540d\n name=request.POST.get('name') \n # \u4ecerequest.FILES\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\n file_obj=request.FILES.get('header_img') \n\n # \u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u653e\u4e8etemplates\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\n with open('templates\/header.png','wb') as f: \n for line in file_obj:\n f.write(line)\n\n return HttpResponse('\u6ce8\u518c\u6210\u529f')<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5728templates\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efaregister.html<\/p>\n
<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang="en">\n<head>\n <meta charset="UTF-8">\n <title>\u6ce8\u518c\u9875\u9762<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart\/form-data" >\n {% csrf_token %}\n <p>\n \u7528\u6237\u540d:<input type="text" name="name">\n <\/p>\n <p>\n \u5934\u50cf:<input type="file" name="header_img">\n <\/p>\n <p>\n <input type="submit" value="\u63d0\u4ea4">\n <\/p>\n<\/form>\n<\/body>\n<\/html><\/code><\/pre>\n2.3\u3001HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027part3<\/h4>\n\u4e00.HttpRequest.path\n\u3000\u3000\u83b7\u53d6url\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u8def\u5f84\u90e8\u5206\n\n\u4e8c.HttpRequest.get_full_path()\n\u3000\u3000\u83b7\u53d6url\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b8c\u6574path\uff0c\u65e2\u5305\u542b\u8def\u5f84\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u53c2\u6570\u90e8\u5206\n\n\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5730\u5740\u662fhttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/order\/?name=egon&age=10#_label3\uff0c\nHttpRequest.path\u7684\u503c\u4e3a"\/order\/"\nHttpRequest.get_full_path()\u7684\u503c\u4e3a"\/order\/?name=egon&age=10"<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/p>\n
from django.urls import path,register_converter,re_path\nfrom app01 import views\n\nurlpatterns = [\n re_path(r'^order',views.order),\n]<\/code><\/pre>\nviews.py<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse\n\n# \u9488\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684url\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/order\/?name=egon&age=10#_label3\n# \u4ece\u57df\u540d\u540e\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\/\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u201c\uff1f\u201d\u4e3a\u6b62\u662f\u8def\u5f84\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\/order\/\n# \u4ece\u201c\uff1f\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u201c#\u201d\u4e3a\u6b62\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u90e8\u5206,\u5373name=egon&age=10\ndef order(request):\n print(request.path) # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u201c\/order\/\u201d\n print(request.get_full_path()) # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a"\/order\/?name=egon&age=10"\n\n return HttpResponse('order page')<\/code><\/pre>\n2.4\u3001HttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027part4<\/h4>\n
<\/div><\/p>\n\u4e00.HttpRequest.META\n \u3000 \u503c\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u4e86HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u6570\u636e\u7684Python\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684key\u53ca\u671f\u5bf9\u5e94\u503c\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\n CONTENT_LENGTH \u2014\u2014 \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6b63\u6587\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u3002\n CONTENT_TYPE \u2014\u2014 \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6b63\u6587\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\n HTTP_ACCEPT \u2014\u2014 \u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u7684Content-Type\u3002\n HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING \u2014\u2014 \u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u3002\n HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE \u2014\u2014 \u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\n HTTP_HOST \u2014\u2014 \u5ba2\u670d\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\n HTTP_REFERER \u2014\u2014 Referring \u9875\u9762\u3002\n HTTP_USER_AGENT \u2014\u2014 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\n QUERY_STRING \u2014\u2014 \u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u672a\u89e3\u6790\u8fc7\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\n REMOTE_ADDR \u2014\u2014 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\n REMOTE_HOST \u2014\u2014 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002\n REMOTE_USER \u2014\u2014 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8ba4\u8bc1\u540e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002\n REQUEST_METHOD \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982"GET" \u6216"POST"\u3002\n SERVER_NAME \u2014\u2014 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002\n SERVER_PORT \u2014\u2014 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u3002\n \u3000\u3000\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u9664 CONTENT_LENGTH \u548c CONTENT_TYPE \u4e4b\u5916\uff0cHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a META \u7684\u952e\u65f6\uff0c\n \u90fd\u4f1a\n 1\u3001\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5199\n 2\u3001\u5c06\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7b26\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\n 3\u3001\u52a0\u4e0a\u524d\u7f00HTTP_\u3002\n \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a X-Bender \u7684\u5934\u90e8\u5c06\u8f6c\u6362\u6210 META \u4e2d\u7684 HTTP_X_BENDER \u952e\u3002\n\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0b\u8ff0\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u6682\u4e14\u4e86\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5f85\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u5230\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u65f6\u518d\u4e13\u95e8\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\n\u4e8c.HttpRequest.COOKIES\n\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684Python \u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7684cookie\u3002\u952e\u548c\u503c\u90fd\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\n\n\u4e09.HttpRequest.session\n \u3000\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u53ef\u8bfb\u53c8\u53ef\u5199\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53Django \u542f\u7528\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u652f\u6301\u65f6\u624d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\n\n11.HttpRequest.user(\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528)\n\n\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u4e2a AUTH_USER_MODEL \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002\n\n2.HttpRequest.is_ajax()\n\n\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u901a\u8fc7XMLHttpRequest \u53d1\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56deTrue\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u68c0\u67e5 HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH \u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9996\u90e8\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32'XMLHttpRequest'\u3002\n\n\u3000\u3000\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684 JavaScript \u5e93\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5934\u90e8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 XMLHttpRequest \u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7aef\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u5de5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u6765\u8ba9 is_ajax() \u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\n\n\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u662f\u901a\u8fc7AJAX \u53d1\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u4f8b\u5982Django \u7684 cache middleware\uff0c\n \u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 vary_on_headers('HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH') \u88c5\u9970\u4f60\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u4ee5\u8ba9\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div><\/p>\n\u4e09 \u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61(HttpResponse)<\/h3>\n
\u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2aHTML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a404\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aXML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u7b49\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u89c6\u56fe\u672c\u8eab\u5305\u542b\u4ec0\u4e48\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bf4\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f:HttpResponse,render,redirect<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse,render,redirect<\/code><\/pre>\n3.1\u3001HttpResponse()<\/h3>\n
\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u76f4\u63a5\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u63a5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u540e\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
3.2\u3001render()<\/h4>\nrender(request, template_name[, context]\uff09\n\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\n 1\u3001request\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5fc5\u987b\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\n\n 2\u3001template_name\uff1a\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f20\u5165\uff0crender\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u53bbtemplates\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\n\n 3\u3001context\uff1a\u53ef\u9009\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7528\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\n\n\u7efc\u4e0a\uff0crender\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5b57\u5178\u6e32\u67d3\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e32\u67d3\u540e\u7684 HttpResponse\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n3.3\u3001redirect()<\/h4>\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4fe1\u606f\ndef my_view(request):\n ...\n return redirect('\/some\/url\/')\n\n# \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684URL\uff1a\ndef my_view(request):\n ...\n return redirect('http:\/\/www.baidu.com\/')\u3000<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div><\/p>\n\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8f6c\u6001\u7801301\u4e0e302\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001301\u548c302\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u3002\n 1\u3001\u76f8\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff1a\n 301\u548c302\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u90fd\u8868\u793a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u70b9\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728\u62ff\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u540e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684URL\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u4ece\u54cd\u5e94\u5934Location\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u65b0\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6548\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u5730\u5740A\u540e\u77ac\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740B\n\n 2\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff1a\n\u3000\u3000301\u8868\u793a\u65e7\u5730\u5740A\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6c38\u4e45\u5730\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u5373\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u3002\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u5728\u6293\u53d6\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5c06\u65e7\u7684\u7f51\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff1b\n\u3000\u3000302\u8868\u793a\u65e7\u5730\u5740A\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8fd8\u5728\uff0c\u5373\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u53ea\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u5730\u4ece\u65e7\u5730\u5740A\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u5730\u5740B\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u6293\u53d6\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u65e7\u7684\u7f51\u5740\u3002 \u4eceSEO\u5c42\u9762\u8003\u8651\uff0c302\u8981\u597d\u4e8e301\n\n\u4e8c\u3001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\n 1\u3001\u7f51\u7ad9\u8c03\u6574\uff08\u5982\u6539\u53d8\u7f51\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1b\n 2\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u88ab\u79fb\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5730\u5740\uff1b\n 3\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u6539\u53d8(\u5982\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u628a.php\u6539\u6210.Html\u6216.shtml)\u3002\n \u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u505a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u6237\u6536\u85cf\u5939\u6216\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u65e7\u5730\u5740\u53ea\u80fd\u8ba9\u8bbf\u95ee\u5ba2\u6237\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a404\u9875\u9762\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6d41\u91cf\u767d\u767d\u4e27\u5931\uff1b\u518d\u8005\u67d0\u4e9b\u6ce8\u518c\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8ba9\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57df\u540d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u52a8\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e3b\u7ad9\u70b9\u7b49\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div><\/p>\n\u56db JsonResponse<\/h3>\n
\u5411\u524d\u7aef\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2ajson\u683c\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n
\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n
import json\n\ndef my_view(request):\n data=['egon','kevin']\n return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data) )<\/code><\/pre>\n\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n
from django.http import JsonResponse\n\ndef my_view(request):\n data=['egon','kevin']\n return JsonResponse(data,safe=False)\n #\u9ed8\u8ba4safe=True\u4ee3\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0csafe=False\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5b57\u5178\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/code><\/pre>\n\u4e94 FBV\u548cCBV<\/h3>\n
django\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5c42\u7531\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u6784\u6210\uff1aFBV\u548cCBV<\/p>\n
1\u3001FBV\u57fa\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\uff08Function base view\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u90fd\u662fFBV<\/p>\n
2\u3001CBV\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u89c6\u56fe(Class base view)<\/p>\n
\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/p>\n
from django.urls import path,register_converter,re_path\nfrom app01 import views\n\nurlpatterns = [\n re_path(r'^login\/',views.LoginView.as_view()), # \u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5as_view\n]<\/code><\/pre>\nviews.py<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect\nfrom django.views import View\n\nclass LoginView(View):\n def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs): # \u53ef\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\n # \u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42url\u4e3a\uff1ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8008\/login\/\u4f1a\u5148\u89e6\u53d1dispatch\u7684\u6267\u884c\n # \u5982\u679chttp\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aGET\uff0c\u5219\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u8ff0get\u65b9\u6cd5\n # \u5982\u679chttp\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3aPOST\uff0c\u5219\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u8ff0post\u65b9\u6cd5\n obj=super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) # \u5fc5\u987b\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u7c7b\u7684dispatch\u529f\u80fd\n return obj # \u5fc5\u987b\u8fd4\u56deobj\n\n def get(self,request):\n return render(request,'login.html')\n\n def post(self,request):\n name=request.POST.get('name')\n pwd=request.POST.get('pwd')\n if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':\n res='\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f'\n else:\n res='\u7528\u6237\u540d\u6216\u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef'\n return HttpResponse(res)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
python manage.py runserver 8001 \n# \u9a8c\u8bc1GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165\uff1ahttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8001\/login\/\n# \u9a8c\u8bc1POST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a\u5728\u8868\u5355\u5185\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7136\u540e\u63d0\u4ea4<\/code><\/pre>\n\u91c7\u7528CBV\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u5165\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b83\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5927\u4e4b\u5904<\/p>\n
<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Django\u4e4b\u89c6\u56fe\u5c42 \u4e00 \u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570 \u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8eDjango\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5c42\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728views.py\u6587 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[385,391],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5836"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5836"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5836\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5836"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5836"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5836"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Django\u4e4b\u89c6\u56fe\u5c422.png\")
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<\/div><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Django\u4e4b\u89c6\u56fe\u5c425.gif\")
<\/div><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Django\u4e4b\u89c6\u56fe\u5c426.png\")
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<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"