{"id":5888,"date":"2022-04-03T13:15:13","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T05:15:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=5888"},"modified":"2022-04-03T13:15:13","modified_gmt":"2022-04-03T05:15:13","slug":"04-01-%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e8%a7%86%e5%9b%be%e5%9f%ba%e7%b1%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=5888","title":{"rendered":"04-01 \u4e24\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u57fa\u7c7b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u57fa\u7c7b<\/h1>\n

1\u3001APIView<\/h2>\n
rest_framework.views.APIView<\/code><\/pre>\n
APIView<\/code>\u662fREST framework\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaDjango\u7684View<\/code>\u7236\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
APIView<\/code>\u4e0eView<\/code>\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u4f20\u5165\u5230\u89c6\u56fe\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u662fREST framework\u7684Request<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fDjango\u7684HttpRequeset<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • \u89c6\u56fe\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56deREST framework\u7684Response<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u4f1a\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08render\uff09\u7b26\u5408\u524d\u7aef\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • \u4efb\u4f55APIException<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u5230\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5904\u7406\u6210\u5408\u9002\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • \u5728\u8fdb\u884cdispatch()\u5206\u53d1\u524d\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u652f\u6301\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n
      \n
    • authentication_classes<\/strong> \u5217\u8868\u6216\u5143\u7956\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7c7b<\/li>\n
    • permissoin_classes<\/strong> \u5217\u8868\u6216\u5143\u7956\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u7c7b<\/li>\n
    • throttle_classes<\/strong> \u5217\u8868\u6216\u5143\u7956\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u7c7b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u5728APIView<\/code>\u4e2d\u4ecd\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u7c7b\u89c6\u56fe\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0get() \u3001post() \u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      from rest_framework.views import APIView\nfrom rest_framework.response import Response\n\n# url(r'^books\/$', views.BookListView.as_view()),\nclass BookListView(APIView):\n    def get(self, request):\n        books = BookInfo.objects.all()\n        serializer = BookInfoSerializer(books, many=True)\n        return Response(serializer.data)<\/code><\/pre>\n
      2\u3001GenericAPIView[\u901a\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u7c7b]<\/h2>\n
      rest_framework.generics.GenericAPIView<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u7ee7\u627f\u81eaAPIVIew<\/code>\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4e3a\u4e0b\u9762Mixin\u6269\u5c55\u7c7b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u652f\u6301\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u642d\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2aMixin\u6269\u5c55\u7c7b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
        \n
      • \n
        \u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n
          \n
        • serializer_class<\/strong> \u6307\u660e\u89c6\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • \n
          \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
            \n
          • get_serializer_class(self)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u7c7b\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u65f6,\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u5728get_serializer_class\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u7c7b\u540d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u89c6\u56fe\u65b9\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u8fd4\u56de\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u7c7b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd4\u56deserializer_class<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
            def get_serializer_class(self):\n    if self.request.user.is_staff:\n        return FullAccountSerializer\n    return BasicAccountSerializer<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \n
            • \n
              get_serializer(self, args, *<\/em>kwargs)<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u8fd4\u56de\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9Mixin\u6269\u5c55\u7c7b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u4e2d\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u5411\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684context\u5c5e\u6027\u8865\u5145\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\uff1arequest\u3001format\u3001view\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
                \n
              • request<\/strong> \u5f53\u524d\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n
              • view<\/strong> \u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7c7b\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n
              • format \u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u671f\u671b\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • \n
                  \u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  • queryset<\/strong> \u6307\u660e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u96c6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                  • \n
                    \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    • get_queryset(self)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                      \u8fd4\u56de\u89c6\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u96c6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9Mixin\u6269\u5c55\u7c7b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u5217\u8868\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0e\u8be6\u60c5\u89c6\u56fe\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd4\u56dequeryset<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
                      def get_queryset(self):\n    user = self.request.user\n    return user.accounts.all()<\/code><\/pre>\n
                        \n
                      • get_object(self)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        \u8fd4\u56de\u8be6\u60c5\u89c6\u56fe\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9Mixin\u6269\u5c55\u7c7b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
                        \u5728\u8bd5\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u60c5\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
                        \u82e5\u8be6\u60c5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de404\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
                        \u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528APIView\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684check_object_permissions\u65b9\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6743\u9650\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n
                        \u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
                        # url(r'^books\/(?P\\d+)\/$', views.BookDetailView.as_view()),\nclass BookDetailView(GenericAPIView):\n    queryset = BookInfo.objects.all()\n    serializer_class = BookInfoSerializer\n\n    def get(self, request, pk):\n        book = self.get_object() # get_object()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6839\u636epk\u53c2\u6570\u67e5\u627equeryset\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\n        serializer = self.get_serializer(book)\n        return Response(serializer.data)<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        \u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n
                          \n
                        • pagination_class<\/strong> \u6307\u660e\u5206\u9875\u63a7\u5236\u7c7b<\/li>\n
                        • filter_backends<\/strong> \u6307\u660e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u63a7\u5236\u540e\u7aef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                          \u4e24\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u57fa\u7c7b 1\u3001APIView rest_framework.views.APIView APIView\u662fR […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[394,398],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5888"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5888"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5888\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5888"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5888"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5888"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}