{"id":7024,"date":"2003-06-05T14:35:03","date_gmt":"2003-06-05T06:35:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=7024"},"modified":"2022-06-05T15:01:37","modified_gmt":"2022-06-05T07:01:37","slug":"python%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%89%a7%e8%a1%8c%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=7024","title":{"rendered":"Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h1>\n

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\u6bd4\u65b9\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5C\u8bed\u8a00\u5199\u6210\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u53f0Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u53f0Windows\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u95f4\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5728Linux\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u62ff\u5230Windows\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u90fd\u662f\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7528\u7684C\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e00\u6837\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u624d\u6709\u4e86\u534a\u7f16\u8bd1\u534a\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534a\u7f16\u8bd1\u534a\u89e3\u91ca\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u5230\u5904\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u662fJava\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8ePython<\/strong>\u3002\u534a\u7f16\u8bd1\u534a\u89e3\u91ca\u4f1a\u4ece\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5728Linux\u8fd8\u662fWindows\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4f1a\u4e00\u6761\u4e00\u6761\u6267\u884c\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u4ea4\u7ed9CPU\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u548c\u865a\u62df\u673a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u6267\u884c\u5728Linux\u6216Windows\u673a\u5668\u4e0a<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u597d\u5947\uff0cPython\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u548cPython\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u5462\uff1f\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5230\u5b89\u88c5Python\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662fpython.exe\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6000\u7591python.exe\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6216\u8005\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cpython.exe\u53ea\u670992KB\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u652f\u6491\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002
\n

\"file\"<\/div><\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cPython\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u548cPython\u865a\u62df\u673a\u90fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff0c\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u5c31\u662fpython25.dll\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u65e2\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u89e3\u91ca\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u5373\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u719f\u6089Java\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff08\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e3e\u4e2a\u6817\u5b50\u800c\u5df2\uff09\uff0cJava\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2aclass\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8c03\u7528Java\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884cclass\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002\u800cPython\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540c\u6837\u7684\u534a\u7f16\u8bd1\u534a\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0cPython\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u800cJava\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u3002Python\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f55\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e14\u5f80\u540e\u770b<\/p>\n

PyCodeObject\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0epyc\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n

\u521a\u521a\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\uff0cPython\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u5728\u4f55\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2ademo.py\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u968f\u4fbf\u4f60\u5199\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u7528python\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u751f\u6210pyc\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u55ef\u2026\u2026\u770b\u6765\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6709\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\u90a3\u4ec0\u4e48\u624d\u662f\u751f\u6210pyc\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751fpyc\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n

# demo.py\nclass A:\n    pass\n\ndef func():\n    pass\n\na = A()\nfunc()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2ademo.py\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u751f\u6210pyc\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165python\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f15\u5165demo\u6a21\u5757\u518d\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n
# python\n\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\n>>> from demo import *\n>>>\n# ls\ndemo.py  demo.pyc<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u795e\u5947\u7684\u4e8b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2ademo.pyc\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f53\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aPython\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684pyc\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u5462\uff1f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8981\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64Python\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002\u800c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0cPython\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u53ea\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5176\u751f\u6210pyc\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
pyc\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7740\u4e00\u4e2aPyCodeObject\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8ePython\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cPyCodeObject\u5bf9\u8c61\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800cpyc\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5176\u5b9e\u662fPython\u5bf9\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684PyCodeObject\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u53c8\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230pyc\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0cPython\u4f1a\u6839\u636epyc\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acbPyCodeObject\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u518d\u6b21\u7f16\u8bd1<\/p>\n
PyCodeObject\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h2>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770bPython\u6e90\u7801\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8ePyCodeObject\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n
code.h<\/p>\n
\/* Bytecode object *\/\ntypedef struct {\n    PyObject_HEAD\n    int co_argcount;        \/* #arguments, except *args *\/\n    int co_nlocals;     \/* #local variables *\/\n    int co_stacksize;       \/* #entries needed for evaluation stack *\/\n    int co_flags;       \/* CO_..., see below *\/\n    PyObject *co_code;      \/* instruction opcodes *\/\n    PyObject *co_consts;    \/* list (constants used) *\/\n    PyObject *co_names;     \/* list of strings (names used) *\/\n    PyObject *co_varnames;  \/* tuple of strings (local variable names) *\/\n    PyObject *co_freevars;  \/* tuple of strings (free variable names) *\/\n    PyObject *co_cellvars;      \/* tuple of strings (cell variable names) *\/\n    \/* The rest doesn't count for hash\/cmp *\/\n    PyObject *co_filename;  \/* string (where it was loaded from) *\/\n    PyObject *co_name;      \/* string (name, for reference) *\/\n    int co_firstlineno;     \/* first source line number *\/\n    PyObject *co_lnotab;    \/* string (encoding addr<->lineno mapping) *\/\n    void *co_zombieframe;     \/* for optimization only (see frameobject.c) *\/\n} PyCodeObject;<\/code><\/pre>\n
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pyc\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
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>>> source = open("demo.py").read()\n>>> co = compile(source, "demo.py", "exec")\n>>> type(co)\n<class 'code'>\n>>> dir(co)\n['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'co_argcount', 'co_cellvars', 'co_code', 'co_consts', 'co_filename', 'co_firstlineno', 'co_flags', 'co_freevars', 'co_kwonlyargcount', 'co_lnotab', 'co_name', 'co_names', 'co_nlocals', 'co_stacksize', 'co_varnames']\n>>> co.co_names\n('A', 'func', 'a')\n>>> co.co_name\n'<module>'\n>>> co.co_filename\n'demo.py'<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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