{"id":7204,"date":"2022-08-10T11:57:35","date_gmt":"2022-08-10T03:57:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=7204"},"modified":"2022-08-10T12:32:44","modified_gmt":"2022-08-10T04:32:44","slug":"gil%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a%e5%99%a8%e9%94%81%e4%bb%8b%e7%bb%8d%e5%8f%8a%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88%e5%8c%85%e6%8b%ac%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8ctypes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/?p=7204","title":{"rendered":"GIL\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9501\u4ecb\u7ecd\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528ctypes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001GIL \u4e0e Python \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u7ea0\u845b<\/h1>\n

GIL \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff1f\u5b83\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684 python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5 python \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0cCPU \u5360\u7528\u7387\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f
\n\u8bf7\u52ff\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6a21\u4eff\uff0c\u5371\u9669<\/p>\n

def dead_loop():\n    while True:\n        pass<\/code><\/pre>\n
dead_loop()
\n\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff0c\u5360\u7528 100\uff05 CPU\uff1f\u90a3\u662f\u5355\u6838\uff01\u8fd8\u5f97\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8d85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u53e4\u8463 CPU\u3002\u5728\u6211\u7684\u53cc\u6838 CPU \u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u53ea\u4f1a\u5403\u6389\u6211\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u5360\u7528 50\uff05 CPU\u3002\u90a3\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u8ba9\u5b83\u5728\u53cc\u6838\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u5360\u7528 100\uff05 \u7684 CPU \u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u6b63\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\u5206\u4eab CPU \u8fd0\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5417\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u7b54\u6848\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u505a\u8d77\u6765\u53ef\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5916\u53c8\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/p>\n
import threading\ndef dead_loop():\n    while True:\n        pass\n\n#\u65b0\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u7ebf\u7a0b\nt = threading.Thread(target=dead_loop) \nt.start()\n\n# \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\ndead_loop()\nt.join() <\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6309\u9053\u7406\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u5360\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u7684 CPU \u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u5374\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u53ea\u5360\u4e86 50\uff05 CPU \u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u96be\u9053 python \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u751f\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1f\u6253\u5f00 system monitor \u4e00\u63a2\u7a76\u7adf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5360\u4e86 50% \u7684 python \u8fdb\u7a0b\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u8dd1\u3002\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e3a\u4f55\u4e0d\u80fd\u5360\u6ee1\u53cc\u6838 CPU \u8d44\u6e90\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\u5e55\u540e\u7684\u9ed1\u624b\u5c31\u662f GIL\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001GIL \u7684\u8ff7\u601d\uff1a\u75db\u5e76\u5feb\u4e50\u7740<\/h1>\n
GIL \u7684\u5168\u7a0b\u4e3a Global Interpreter Lock \uff0c\u610f\u5373\u5168\u5c40\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9501\u3002\u5728 Python \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b9e\u73b0 CPython \u4e2d\uff0cGIL \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d27\u771f\u4ef7\u5b9e\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9501\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u89e3\u91ca\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55 Python \u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5148\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u628a\u9501\u624d\u884c\uff0c\u5728\u9047\u5230 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u8fd9\u628a\u9501\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7eaf\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u6bcf\u9694 100 \u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u91ca\u653e\u8fd9\u628a\u9501\uff0c\u8ba9\u522b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b21\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 sys.setcheckinterval \u6765\u8c03\u6574\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u867d\u7136 CPython \u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u76f4\u63a5\u5c01\u88c5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u751f\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46 CPython \u8fdb\u7a0b\u505a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86 GIL \u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u8dd1\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u7740 GIL \u7684\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7269\u7406 CPU \u5185\u6838\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a GIL \u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ea\u662f\u505a\u7740\u5206\u65f6\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u603b\u7684 CPU \u5360\u7528\u7387\u8fd8\u7565\u4f4e\u4e8e 50\uff05\u3002<\/p>\n
\u770b\u8d77\u6765 python \u5f88\u4e0d\u7ed9\u529b\u554a\u3002GIL \u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4 CPython \u4e0d\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u7269\u7406\u591a\u6838\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u52a0\u901f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u731c\u60f3\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd8\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u7559\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u591a\u6838 CPU \u5728 1990 \u5e74\u4ee3\u8fd8\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7c7b\u79d1\u5e7b\uff0cGuido van Rossum \u5728\u521b\u9020 python \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e5f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u5230\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd 1000\uff0b \u4e2a\u6838\u7684 CPU \u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u9501\u641e\u5b9a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u53c8\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08\u5bf9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u6709\u5408\u9002\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u597d\u4e0e\u4e0d\u597d\uff09\u3002\u602a\u53ea\u602a\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u5feb\u4e86\uff0c\u6469\u5c14\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7ed9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e1a\u7684\u7ea2\u5229\u8fd9\u4e48\u5feb\u5c31\u8981\u5230\u5934\u4e86\u3002\u77ed\u77ed 20 \u5e74\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5de5\u4eba\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u6307\u671b\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9760\u5347\u7ea7 CPU \u5c31\u80fd\u8ba9\u8001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8dd1\u7684\u66f4\u5feb\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u591a\u6838\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u514d\u8d39\u5348\u9910\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u6324\u5e72\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6838\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u610f\u8c13\u7740\u4f1a\u88ab\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002\u5bf9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u90a3 Python \u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
Python \u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d8\u5e94\u4e07\u53d8\u3002\u5728\u6700\u65b0\u7684 python 3 \u4e2d\u4f9d\u7136\u6709 GIL\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u561b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5916\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6b32\u7ec3\u795e\u529f\uff0c\u6325\u5200\u81ea\u5bab\uff1a<\/h1>\n
CPython \u7684 GIL \u672c\u610f\u662f\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u6240\u6709\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u548c\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53bb\u6389 GIL\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e2a\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u9501\u5bf9\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u5168\u5c40\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u6216\u8005\u91c7\u7528 Lock-Free \u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u8981\u505a\u5230\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u90fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u5355\u4f7f\u7528 GIL \u4e00\u4e2a\u9501\u8981\u96be\u7684\u591a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u6539\u52a8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fd8\u662f\u6709 20 \u5e74\u5386\u53f2\u7684 CPython \u4ee3\u7801\u6811\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u8bba\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u4e5f\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56 GIL\u3002\u5bf9 Python \u793e\u533a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u5f02\u4e8e\u6325\u5200\u81ea\u5bab\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6765\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c31\u7b97\u81ea\u5bab\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u5fc5\u6210\u529f\uff1a
\n\u6709\u4f4d\u725b\u4eba\u66fe\u7ecf\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u7684 CPython\uff0c\u5c06 GIL \u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u9501\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5229\u7528\u7684\u7269\u7406 CPU \u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u76ee\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6bd4 GIL \u7248\u672c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u597d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u96be\u602a\u3002\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u9501\u3002\u5355\u5c31\u9501\u7ba1\u7406\u672c\u8eab\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9501 GIL \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c97\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u9501\u80af\u5b9a\u6bd4\u7ba1\u7406\u4f17\u591a\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u9501\u8981\u5feb\u7684\u591a\u3002\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684 python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u662f\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 python \u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u770b\u4e2d\u5b83\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5c31\u7b97\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u548c C\/C++ \u6bd4\u80a9\u3002\u8d39\u4e86\u5927\u529b\u6c14\u628a GIL \u62ff\u6389\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8ba9\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u53d8\u6162\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5357\u8f95\u5317\u8f99\u5417\u3002<\/p>\n
\u96be\u9053 Python \u8fd9\u4e48\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u771f\u7684\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u6539\u52a8\u56f0\u96be\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u5927\u5c31\u653e\u5f03\u591a\u6838\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u6539\u52a8\u6700\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u8fd8\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u4e0d\u7528\u81ea\u5bab\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u80fd\u6210\u529f\uff01<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5176\u5b83\u795e\u529f<\/h1>\n
\u90a3\u9664\u4e86\u5207\u6389 GIL \u5916\uff0c\u679c\u7136\u8fd8\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba9 Python \u5728\u591a\u6838\u65f6\u4ee3\u6d3b\u7684\u6ecb\u6da6\uff1f\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u672c\u6587\u6700\u521d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u7684 Python \u811a\u672c\u5728\u53cc\u6838\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u5360\u7528 100\uff05 \u7684 CPU\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e24\u4e2a python \u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff01\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u522b\u5360\u6ee1\u4e00\u4e2a CPU \u5185\u6838\u7684 python \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u505a\u5230\u3002\u786e\u5b9e\uff0c\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u662f\u5229\u7528\u591a\u4e2a CPU \u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u534f\u540c\u901a\u4fe1\u8981\u6bd4\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9ebb\u70e6\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u6709\u611f\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0cPython \u5728 2.6 \u91cc\u65b0\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 multiprocessing \u8fd9\u4e2a\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u8ba9\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5316\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86 GIL \u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838\u7684\u5c34\u5c2c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u8fd8\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u60f3\u7528\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd9\u6837\u91cd\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u66f4\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u653e\u5f03 Python\uff0c\u6539\u7528 C\/C++\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u505a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e48\u7edd\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u628a\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u7528 C\/C++ \u5199\u6210 Python \u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u90e8\u5206\u8fd8\u662f\u7528 Python \u6765\u5199\uff0c\u8ba9 Python \u7684\u5f52 Python\uff0cC \u7684\u5f52 C\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6\u6027\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u4f1a\u7528 C \u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u96c6\u6210\u5230 Python \u811a\u672c\u91cc\uff08\u5982 NumPy \u6a21\u5757\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6269\u5c55\u91cc\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 C \u521b\u5efa\u539f\u751f\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u7528\u9501 GIL\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528 CPU \u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5199 Python \u6269\u5c55\u603b\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u590d\u6742\u3002\u597d\u5728 Python \u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0e C \u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u901a\u7684\u673a\u5236 : ctypes<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5229\u7528 ctypes \u7ed5\u8fc7 GIL<\/h1>\n
ctypes \u4e0e Python \u6269\u5c55\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9 Python \u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u4efb\u610f\u7684 C \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u5bfc\u51fa\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f60\u6240\u8981\u505a\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u7528 ctypes \u5199\u4e9b python \u4ee3\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u6700\u9177\u7684\u662f\uff0cctypes \u4f1a\u5728\u8c03\u7528 C \u51fd\u6570\u524d\u91ca\u653e GIL\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 ctypes \u548c C \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6765\u8ba9 python \u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5185\u6838\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5b9e\u9645\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u7528 C \u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n
[root@test04 ~]# cat libdead_loop.c \nvoid DeadLoop() {\n     while (1) {\n         ; \n     }\n} <\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 C \u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u6001\u5e93 libdead_loop.so \uff08Windows \u4e0a\u662f dead_loop.dll\uff09<\/p>\n
[root@test04 ~]# gcc libdead_loop.c -fPIC -shared -o libdead_loop.so\n\n* -shared \u4e3a\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93  \u8ba9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\n* -fPIC\uff08Position Independent Code\uff09   \u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65e0\u5173\n* \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u80fd\u591f\u8c03\u8bd5\u53ef\u52a0\u4e0a-g -Wall\u7b49\u53c2\u6570<\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5c31\u8981\u5229\u7528 ctypes \u6765\u5728 python \u91cc load \u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u65b0\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cc\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684 DeadLoop<\/p>\n
[root@test04 ~]# cat test2.py \nfrom ctypes import cdll\nfrom threading import Thread\n\nlib = cdll.LoadLibrary(".\/libdead_loop.so") \nt = Thread(target=lib.DeadLoop) \nt.start()\n\nlib.DeadLoop()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u56de\u518d\u770b\u770b system monitor\uff0cPython \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u8dd1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53cc\u6838 CPU \u5168\u88ab\u5360\u6ee1\u4e86
\n
\"file\"<\/div>
\nctypes \u786e\u5b9e\u5f88\u7ed9\u529b\uff01\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u9192\u7684\u662f\uff0cGIL \u662f\u88ab ctypes \u5728\u8c03\u7528 C \u51fd\u6570\u524d\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u6bb5 Python \u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u9501 GIL \u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u505a\u4e3a C \u51fd\u6570\u7684 callback\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u8981 Python \u7684 callback \u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0cGIL \u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u8df3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
extern"C\u201d \n{ \ntypedef void Callback(); \nvoid Call(Callback* callback) \n{\n         callback();\n} \n} \nfrom ctypes import * \nfrom threading import Thread\n\ndef dead_loop():\n    while True:\n        pass\n\nlib = cdll.LoadLibrary(\u201clibcall.so\u201d) \nCallback = CFUNCTYPE(None) \ncallback = Callback(dead_loop)\n\nt = Thread(target=lib.Call, args=(callback,)) \nt.start()\n\nlib.Call(callback) <\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u7684\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u5728 Python \u4ee3\u7801\u91cc (DeadLoop \u51fd\u6570) \u800c C \u4ee3\u7801\u53ea\u662f\u8d1f\u8d23\u53bb\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a callback \u800c\u5df2\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0 CPU \u5360\u7528\u7387\u8fd8\u662f\u53ea\u6709 50\uff05 \u4e0d\u5230\u3002GIL \u53c8\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u770b\u51fa ctypes \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u7528 Python \u5199\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 ctypes \u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528 C \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u9ed1\u76d2\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u6709\u5173\u8be5\u6a21\u5757 C \u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0cctypes \u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u7ed3\u8bed<\/h1>\n
\u867d\u7136 CPython \u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u751f\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u56e0\u4e3a GIL \u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5bfc\u81f4\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u591a\u4e2a CPU \u5185\u6838\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u597d\u5728\u73b0\u5728 Python \u6709\u4e86\u6613\u7ecf\u7b4b\uff08multiprocessing\uff09, \u5438\u661f\u5927\u6cd5\uff08C \u8bed\u8a00\u6269\u5c55\u673a\u5236\uff09\u548c\u72ec\u5b64\u4e5d\u5251\uff08ctypes\uff09\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u5e94\u4ed8\u591a\u6838\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0cGIL \u5207\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u5207\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5417\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e00\u3001GIL \u4e0e Python \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u7ea0\u845b GIL \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff1f\u5b83\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684 python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5f71\u54cd […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7204"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7204"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7204\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egonlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}